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What it is: Under Canadian guidelines, it is defined as the irreversible end of all brain activity due to permanent loss of blood flow and oxygen to the brain.
What it is not: Brain death, or neurological determination of death, is not the same a vegetative state or coma, in which patients continue to have brain activity.
Where it came from: It was defined by an ad-hoc committee at Harvard University, which characterized it as: a non-functioning brain; total unawareness to external, or painful stimuli on the part of the patient; no movement, breathing or spontaneous muscle movement; and no reflexes (such as pupil dilation, eye movement or response to other stimuli). Brain dead patients would have flat EEGs. It was subsequently adopted as an international standard and used as a criteria for organ donation.
Recent trends: Brain death has been on the decline in Canada, as well as other countries, in part because of air bags, the use of helmets and fewer serious automobile accidents.
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What it is not: Brain death, or neurological determination of death, is not the same a vegetative state or coma, in which patients continue to have brain activity.
Where it came from: It was defined by an ad-hoc committee at Harvard University, which characterized it as: a non-functioning brain; total unawareness to external, or painful stimuli on the part of the patient; no movement, breathing or spontaneous muscle movement; and no reflexes (such as pupil dilation, eye movement or response to other stimuli). Brain dead patients would have flat EEGs. It was subsequently adopted as an international standard and used as a criteria for organ donation.
Recent trends: Brain death has been on the decline in Canada, as well as other countries, in part because of air bags, the use of helmets and fewer serious automobile accidents.
查看原文...
