Forrest Gump
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This article is about the 1994 film. For other uses, see
Forrest Gump (disambiguation).
It has been suggested that
Forrest Gump - Original Motion Picture Score be
merged into this article or section. (
Discuss)
Forrest Gump
Directed by
Robert ZemeckisProduced by
Wendy Finerman
Steve Tisch
Charles NewirthWritten by
Eric RothStarring
Tom Hanks
Robin Wright
Gary Sinise
Mykelti Williamson
Sally FieldMusic by
Alan SilvestriEditing by
Arthur SchmidtDistributed by
Paramount PicturesRelease date(s)
July 6,
1994Running time141 minCountry
United StatesLanguage
EnglishBudget$55,000,000Gross revenue$677,387,716
Allmovie profileIMDb profileForrest Gump is a
1994 drama film based on the
1986 novel of the same name by
Winston Groom and the name of the
title character of both. The film was a huge commercial success, earning
US$677 million worldwide during its theatrical run making it the top grossing film in North America released that year. The film garnered a total of 13
Academy Award nominations, of which it won six, including
Best Picture,
Best Visual Effects,
Best Director (
Robert Zemeckis), and
Best Actor (
Tom Hanks).
The film tells the story of a man with an
IQ of 75 and his epic journey through life, meeting historical figures, influencing popular culture and experiencing first-hand historic events while being largely unaware of their significance, due to his lower than average intelligence. The film differs substantially from the book on which it was based.
Contents
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hide]
[edit] Plot
The film begins with a feather falling to the feet of Forrest Gump who is sitting at a bus stop in Savannah, Georgia. Forrest picks up the feather and puts it in the book
Curious George, then tells the story of his life to a woman seated next to him. The listeners at the bus stop change regularly throughout his narration, each showing a different attitude ranging from disbelief and indifference to rapt veneration.
On his first day of school, he meets a girl named Jenny, whose life is followed in parallel to Forrest's at times. Having discarded his
leg braces, his ability to run at lightning speed gets him into college on a football scholarship. After his college graduation, he enlists in the army and is sent to
Vietnam, where he makes fast friends with a black man named Bubba, who convinces Forrest to go into the shrimping business with him when the war is over. Later while on patrol, Forrest's platoon is attacked. Though Forrest rescues many of the men, Bubba is killed in action. Forrest is awarded the
Congressional Medal of Honor for his heroism.
While Forrest is in recovery for a bullet shot to his "
butt-tox", he discovers his uncanny ability for
ping-pong, eventually gaining popularity and rising to celebrity status, later playing
ping-pong competitively against
Chinese teams. At an anti-war rally in
Washington, D.C. Forrest reunites with Jenny, who has been living a
hippie counterculture lifestyle.
Returning home, Forrest endorses a company that makes ping-pong paddles, earning himself $25,000, which he uses to buy a shrimping boat, fulfilling his promise to Bubba. His commanding officer from Vietnam, Lieutenant Dan, joins him. Though initially Forrest has little success, after finding his boat the only surviving boat in the area after
Hurricane Carmen, he begins to pull in huge amounts of shrimp and uses it to buy an entire fleet of shrimp boats. Lt. Dan invests the money in
Apple Computer and Forrest is financially secure for the rest of his life. He returns home to see his mother's last days.
One day, Jenny returns to visit Forrest and he proposes marriage to her. She declines, though feels obliged to prove her love to him by sleeping with him. She leaves early the next morning. On a whim, Forrest elects to go for a run. Seemingly capriciously, he decides to keep running across the country several times, over some three and a half years, becoming famous.
In present-day, Forrest reveals that he is waiting at the bus stop because he received a letter from Jenny who, having seen him run on television, asks him to visit her. Once he is reunited with Jenny, Forrest discovers she has a young son, of whom Forrest is the father. Jenny tells Forrest she is suffering from a virus (probably
HIV, though this is never definitively stated).
[1][2][3] Together the three move back to Greenbow, Alabama. Jenny and Forrest finally marry. Jenny dies soon afterward.
The film ends with father and son waiting for the school bus on little Forrest's first day of school. Opening the book his son is taking to school, the white feather from the beginning of the movie is seen to fall from within the pages. As the bus pulls away, the white feather is caught on a breeze and drifts skyward.
[edit] Cast
[edit] Themes
Though superficially Gump might not seem to understand all that goes on around him, the viewer gets the sense that he knows enough, the rest being superfluous detail. Roger Ebert offers the example of Jenny telling Forrest, "You don't know what love is."
[4]
Over Jenny's grave, Forrest ponders whether life is governed by a predetermined
fate, as his Vietnam commanding officer emphatically believes and his mother offers at her death, or whether it's a series of meaningless accidents, concluding "maybe it's both, maybe both happening at the same time."
It has been noted that while Forrest follows a very conservative lifestyle, Jenny's life is full of countercultural embrace, replete with drug usage and antiwar rallies, and that their eventual marriage might be a kind of tongue-in-cheek reconciliation. However, the nature of Jenny's death has led others to conclude that the movie is looking down on counterculture lifestyles, considering them to be the wrong type of path to choose.
Other commentators believe that the film forecasted the 1994
Republican Revolution and used the image of Forrest Gump to promote traditional, conservative values adhered by Gump's character.
[5]
[edit] Production details
Ken Ralston and his team at
Industrial Light & Magic were responsible for the film's visual effects. Using
CGI-techniques it was possible to depict Gump meeting now-deceased presidents and shaking their hands.
Archival footage was used and with the help of techniques like
chroma key, warping, morphing and
rotoscoping, Tom Hanks was integrated into it. This feat was honored with an Oscar for Best Visual Effects.
The CGI removal of actor
Gary Sinise's legs, after his character had them amputated, was achieved by wrapping his legs with a blue fabric, which later facilitated the work of the "roto-paint"-team to paint out his legs from every single frame. At one point, while hoisting himself into his
wheelchair, his "missing" legs are used for support.
Dick Cavett played himself in the 1970s with make-up applied to make it appear that he was much younger than the commentator was during the filming. Consequently, Cavett is the only well-known figure in the film to actually play himself for the feature, rather than via archive footage.
[edit] Differences from novel
Forrest Gump is based on the 1986
novel by
Winston Groom. Both center around the character of Forrest Gump. However, the film primarily focuses on the first eleven chapters of the novel, before skipping ahead to the end of the novel with the founding of Bubba Gump Shrimp and the meeting with Forrest Jr. In addition to skipping some parts of the novel, the film adds several aspects to Forrest's life that do not occur in the novel, such as his needing leg braces as a child and his run across the country.
Forrest's core character and personality are also changed from the novel.
[edit] Historical references
[edit] Reception
In Tom Hanks' words, "The film is non-political and thus non-judgmental". Nevertheless, in 1994, CNN's
Crossfire debated whether the film had a left- or right-wing bias. Filmmaker
Lloyd Kaufman has noted that Gump's successes result from doing what he is told by others, and never showing any initiative of his own, in contrast to Jenny's more forthright and independent character who is shown descending into drugs and death.
[6]
The film received mostly positive critical reviews at the time of its release, with
Roger Ebert saying, "The screenplay by
Eric Roth has the complexity of modern fiction....[Hanks'] performance is a breathtaking balancing act between comedy and sadness, in a story rich in big laughs and quiet truths....what a magical movie."
[7] The film received notable pans from several major reviewers, however, including
The New Yorker and
Entertainment Weekly, which said that the movie "reduces the tumult of the last few decades to a virtual-reality theme park: a baby-boomer version of
Disney's America."
[8] As of June 2008, the film garners a 72% "
Fresh" rating from critics on
Rotten Tomatoes.
[9]
However, the film is commonly seen as a polarizing one for audiences, with
Entertainment Weekly writing in 2004, "Nearly a decade after it earned gazillions and swept the Oscars,
Robert Zemeckis' ode to 20th-century
America still represents one of cinema's most clearly drawn lines in the sand. One half of folks see it as an artificial piece of pop melodrama, while everyone else raves that it's sweet as a box of chocolates."
[10] The film also came in at #76 on
AFI's Top-100 American movies of all time list in 2007.
[edit] Awards and nominations
Award and nominations won by Forrest Gump [show]
1994 Academy Awards (Oscars)
- Won - Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
- Won - Best Director — Robert Zemeckis
- Won - Best Film Editing — Arthur Schmidt
- Won - Best Picture — Wendy Finerman, Steve Starkey, Steve Tisch
- Won - Best Visual Effects — Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, Allen Hall
- Won - Best Adapted Screenplay — Eric Roth
- Nominated - Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role — Gary Sinise (as Lieutenant Dan Taylor)
- Nominated - Best Achievement in Art Direction — Rick Carter, Nancy Haigh
- Nominated - Best Achievement in Cinematography — Don Burgess
- Nominated - Best Makeup — Daniel C. Striepeke, Hallie D'Amore
- Nominated - Best Original Score — Alan Silvestri
- Nominated - Best Sound Mixing — Randy Thom, Tom Johnson, Dennis S. Sands, William B. Kaplan
- Nominated - Best Sound Editing — Gloria S. Borders, Randy Thom
1995 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films (Saturn Awards)
1995 Amanda Awards
- Won - Best Film (International)
1995 American Cinema Editors (Eddies)
- Won - Best Edited Feature Film — Arthur Schmidt
1995 American Comedy Awards
- Won - Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) — Tom Hanks
1995 American Society of Cinematographers
- Nominated - Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography in Theatrical Releases — Don Burgess
1995 BAFTA Film Awards
- Won - Outstanding Achievement in Special Visual Effects — Ken Ralston, George Murphy, Stephen Rosenbaum, Doug Chiang, Allen Hall
- Nominated - Best Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
- Nominated - Best Actress in a Supporting Role — Sally Field
- Nominated - Best Film — Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch, Steve Starkey, Robert Zemeckis
- Nominated - Best Cinematography — Don Burgess
- Nominated - David Lean Award for Direction — Robert Zemeckis
- Nominated - Best Editing — Aurthur Schmidt
- Nominated - Best Adapted Screenplay — Eric Roth
1995 Casting Society of America (Artios)
- Nominated - Best Casting for Feature Film, Drama — Ellen Lewis
1995 Chicago Film Critics Association Awards
- Won - Best Actor — Tom Hanks
1995 Directors Guild of America
- Won - Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures — Robert Zemeckis, Charles Newirth, Bruce Moriarity, Cherylanne Martin, Dana J. Kuznetzkoff
1995 Golden Globe Awards
1995 Heartland Film Festival
- Won - Studio Crystal Heart Award — Winston Groom
1995 MTV Movie Awards
- Nominated - Best Breakthrough Performance — Mykelti Williamson
- Nominated - Best Male Performance — Tom Hanks
- Nominated - Best Movie
1995 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Award)
1994 National Board of Review of Motion Pictures
- Nominated - Best Actor — Tom Hanks
- Nominated - Best Supporting Actor — Gary Sinise
- Nominated - Best Picture
1995 PGA Golden Laurel Awards
- Won - Motion Picture Producer of the Year Award — Wendy Finerman, Steve Tisch, Steve Starkey, Charles Newirth
1995 People's Choice Awards
- Won - Favorite All-Around Motion Picture
- Won - Favorite Dramatic Motion Picture
1995 Screen Actors Guild Awards
- Won - Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role — Tom Hanks
- Nominated - Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role — Gary Sinise
- Nominated - Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role — Sally Field & Robin Wright Penn
1995 Writers Guild of America Awards
- Won - Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Medium — Eric Roth
1995 Young Artist Awards
- Won - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actor 10 or Younger — Haley Joel Osment
- Won - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actress 10 or Younger — Hanna R. Hall
- Nominated - Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actor Co-Starring — Michael Conner Humphreys
[edit] Soundtrack
Main articles: Forrest Gump (soundtrack) and Forrest Gump - Original Motion Picture Score
The soundtrack from
Forrest Gump had a variety of music from the 50s, 60s, 70s, and early 80s performed by American artists. It went on to sell 12 million copies, and is one of the
top selling albums in the United States.
[11]