大麻今天新鲜出炉的调查报告

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大麻合法后的几个州,car crashes 上升5.2%。两个不同的调查,五年的数据。

States with legal marijuana see rise in car crashes, studies find

USA TODAY NETWORKBrett Molina, USA TODAYPublished 6:32 a.m. ET Oct. 19, 2018 | Updated 8:12 a.m. ET Oct. 19, 2018


Traffic accidents are on the rise...specifically in states that have legalized recreational marijuana, according to a new study. Veuer's Sam Berman has the full story. Buzz60

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Car crashes were up as much as 6 percent in states where the recreational use of marijuana has been legalized, said two studies.

According to research from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and the Highway Loss Data Institute, the frequency of collision claims filed to insurers were higher in four states where marijuana is legal: Colorado, Nevada, Oregon and Washington.

The studies were presented Thursday at the Combating Alcohol- and Drug-Impaired Driving summit.

The Highway Loss Data Institute study focused on collision claims between 2012 and October 2017, and compared against four control states where marijuana remains illegal: Idaho, Montana, Utah and Wyoming.

A separate study conducted by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety focused on police-reported crashes before and after retail marijuana was allowed found Colorado, Oregon and Washington saw a 5.2 percent increase in the rate of crashes per million vehicle registrations, compared with neighboring states.

"States exploring legalizing marijuana should consider this effect on highway safety," said David Harkey, president of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and Highway Loss Data Institute, in a statement.

Nine states — Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, Vermont and Washington — and the District of Columbia have legalized marijuana use. Meanwhile, Michigan and North Dakota will vote next month on whether to allow marijuana for recreational use.

Several other states have approved the use of marijuana or related products for medical reasons.

The institute acknowledges determining whether someone is impaired by marijuana use in the case of a car accident is difficult. The institute said the presence of THC, the key component in marijuana, in a person's system does not necessarily mean they were impaired during activities like driving. Also, more drivers are tested for alcohol after crashes.

"Despite the difficulty of isolating the specific effects of marijuana impairment on crash risk, the evidence is growing that legalizing its use increases crashes," said Harkey.
 
容我这回也懂一懂,哈哈。
 
你在哪个州啊??
 
车祸死亡有百分之四十是因为喝酒造成的,比大麻厉害多了,圈哥还是去搞禁令吧
 
早就说了那是历史原因。圈儿哥说了。如果你支持大麻合法化,我祝你全家西马西德海。
车祸死亡有百分之四十是因为喝酒造成的,比大麻厉害多了,圈哥还是去搞禁令吧
 
以你们这逻辑,

这不叫逻辑,叫狡辩更合适。吃饭也挺了算了。
这就是著名的“你说东了他说西“。不伦不类的狡辩。
 
大麻合法化后的社会弊端明显,而且终于熬到了超过五年,终于可以用统计来说明大麻之恶的时候。

左派齐上阵。哈哈。若弱弱
 
以你们这逻辑,

这不叫逻辑,叫狡辩更合适。吃饭也挺了算了。
这就是著名的“你说东了他说西“。不伦不类的狡辩。
逻辑也好,狡辩也罢,对你这个神经病不都是浪费吗
 
你不想抽没有问题。非得把别人打成罪犯才顺心吗?
加国大麻非罪化不是那个个人一时突发奇想,它也经历了历史沿革, 没有回头路。你就少发神经吧

早就说了那是历史原因。圈儿哥说了。如果你支持大麻合法化,我祝你全家西马西德海。
 
圈儿哥:数据最新的

极左集体: 你神经病。


圈儿哥: 你们正夠弱的了。
 
圈儿:统计结果。
村长:你在哪个州啊??
稀土:比喝酒
丫:比汽车
go:你神经病


左派连一个讨论问题的人都没有。谈麻就人身攻击。谈麻就顾左右而言他,
 
(四)大麻開放帶來的其他方面問題

科羅拉多州在藥用大麻開放後,開始了各種園藝栽培技術投入研究、市場競爭、商業廣告、食品安全管制等,均使得種植大麻的品質提高,意味者大麻中與精神問題有關的四氫大麻酚(tetrahydrocannabinol, THC)程度增加,也提高萃取哈希什(Hashish)的濃度(Ghosh et al., 2015)。

另外,大麻合法化後使得交通事故比率提升與否的問題目前仍有爭辯。根據美國高速公路交通安全單位的紀錄,2015年科羅拉多547為交通事故死亡人數中,有 99位駕駛吸食大麻,187位喝酒,35位是兩者皆有。而在華盛頓州的交通事故也與科羅拉多州雷同,有逐年增加的趨勢(圖八)。高速公路安全的保險機構(Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 簡稱IIHS)研究發現大麻合法化的州大概比未合法化的州增加了3%的交通事故率,但是有份研究刊登在美國公共衛生期刊(American Journal of Public Health,AJPH)中發現,其實科羅拉多州與華盛頓州並沒有比其他大麻為合法化的州有顯著較高的重大車禍死亡率(Ingraham, 2017)。甚至因為在大麻合法化後,政府部門增加大批警力在檢測大麻、酒精等使用與各路口攔檢違規者、司法部門嚴格,而導致車禍事故率下降。

亦有AJPH的研究指出其實在28個藥用大麻合法化的州比起那些未合法化的州的車禍死亡人數下降了11%,而2013年數個研究發表於法律與經濟期刊(Journal of Law and Economics)也有不少研究有類似的發現:在19個州中,在藥用大麻合法化的第一年,降低了8~11%重大死亡車禍率(Cohen, 2016)。
 
2018年1月份,佛蒙特州是首個直接透過政府立法而非是公民立法創議[3]提案(Ballot initiative)將娛樂大麻合法化的州,而其他八個州與華府則是分別在2012~2017年間透過公民立法倡議提案、投票表決方式通過娛樂大麻合法化的。值得一提的是,在2016年,八個州中有五個共和黨州、其支持大麻合法化的票數比支持川普當選總統的票數相當或更高,包括佛州、亞利桑那州、阿肯色州、蒙大拿州、北達科他州(Robinson, 2017)(圖三),此足以顯示多數的共和黨在往年來更要熱衷支持娛樂大麻合法化。
 
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