两"上帝粒子"预言者获诺贝尔物理学奖 zt

[reine02]

2013-10-08 中国新闻网

两位获奖者

当地时间2012年7月4日，瑞士Meyrin，欧洲核子研究中心科学家举行新闻发布会，称发现了一种新的亚原子粒子，这可能是难以捉摸的希格斯玻色子(又称上帝粒子)

2013年诺贝尔物理学奖10月8日在瑞典揭晓，比利时理论物理学家弗朗索瓦·恩格勒和英国理论物理学家彼得·希格斯因希格斯玻色子的理论预言获奖。

希格斯玻色子(Higgs boson)又称上帝粒子(God particle)，是粒子物理学标准模型预言的一种自旋为零的玻色子。它是标准模型中最后一种未被发现的粒子。它可以帮助解析为何其它粒子会有质量。

1964年，恩格勒和罗伯特·布绕特(已故)共同提出希格斯机制与希格斯玻色子理论。同年，彼得·希格斯也在《物理评论快报》发表文章，提出希格斯机制理论。

2011年12月13日，欧洲核子研究中心科学家宣布，他们发现了希格斯玻色子存在的迹象。但经考虑实验其它误差后，宣布实验结果无效。2012年7月4 日科学家宣布发现了一个新粒子，与希格斯玻色子特征有吻合之处。

2013年生理学或医学奖7日已经揭晓，3位科学家因对细胞运输系统的研究而共享殊荣。他们分别是：来自耶鲁大学的美国科学家詹姆斯·M·罗斯曼、加州大学伯克利分校的美国科学家兰迪·W·谢克曼、以及斯坦福大学的德国科学家托马斯·C·苏德霍夫。

8日物理学奖揭晓之后，化学奖和文学奖将分别于9日和10日宣布。11日和14日，和平奖和经济学奖也将陆续揭晓。

 

[YINGWA]

England has a population of 30 millions, 10 % of US population, roughly the same as Canada, and 3 % of China population.
If you check Nobel Medicine Prize since 2000, British scientists have won that four times (and back to back three times in a row), that is quick an astonishing record.
I hope, one day, China Scientists can accomplish the same, I hope.
US Universities have tons of money for research, hence their scientists have the most Nobel prize winners.
China is one of the richest country in the world, I hope Chinese Government can pour into more money for Scientific research.

 

[9981]

http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/希格斯玻色子

 

[9981]

http://www.sparknotes.com/mindhut/2012/07/13/faq-higgs-boson-for-dummies

FAQ: Higgs Boson For Dummies
2
By Jeremy Blachman
July 13, 2012
Are you as confused about the Higgs Boson particle as we are? Then read on, dear Masterminds, and let us drop some science on you!
Q: So I keep reading about this physics guy named Higgs Boson. Who is he, and why is he in the news all of a sudden?
A: It's not a he.
Q: It's a she?
A: No, it's an it.
Q: So... it's not a person...?
A: Correct. It's a particle.
Q: A particle? What's that?
A: A basic building block of stuff. Like an electron.
Q: Or like an atom?
A: Well, an atom is made up of other, smaller particles. But yes. Sort of like an atom.
Q: And how does this Higgs thing fit into that?
A: About 40 years ago, physicists tried to put together a theory that would explain why stuff behaves the way it does. They called it the Standard Model. One of the things they imagined would need to be part of that Standard Model was a boson, a type of particle that would allow other particles to do the kinds of things that particles do.
Q: And what do particles do?
A: They combine together. They form things. Bosons help slow particles down from their natural super-speed and let them join up with other particles and stick together.
Q: Okay...
A: But for all of these years, it's only been a theory. This guy named Higgs had proposed that these bosons exist to do this stuff, but no one had ever seen them. Until last Tuesday, when a machine in Switzerland designed to test the predictions of physicists found something that would be consistent with the existence of the Higgs boson.
Q: So they saw one?
A: They think they saw one. They saw something that could very well be a Higgs boson.
Q: Why aren't they sure?
A: The Higgs boson is an unstable particle. As soon as you see it, it's gone.
Q: And why is this exciting?
A: Because it would mean that some crazy theory a bunch of physicists came up with 50 years ago to explain the way the world works might actually be true.
Q: And if I wanted to watch a 7-minute comic-book-style video made by a physicist to explain this in more detail?
A: You can! Here's the link.
Q: Thanks. So you're sure Higgs Boson isn't just some guy's name?
A: Yes. Almost 100% sure.
Q: Cool.
A: Cool.
Are you more or less confused than before?

 

[9981]

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3ioVx_eKmE

 

[9981]

 

[ottawa_it_blue_collar]

大牛！

 

[Anakin]

牛

 

[mooncake]

老毛早就论断了，物质无限可分。

 

[ottawa_it_blue_collar]

老毛早就论断了，物质无限可分。

论断易，证明难！
哥德巴赫猜想论断很易，现在没有人证明。

 

[mooncake]

论断易，证明难！
哥德巴赫猜想论断很易，现在没有人证明。

歌德巴赫猜想论断很易？那怎么不是蓝领哥猜想？仅仅是生不逢时么？

 

[ottawa_it_blue_collar]

歌德巴赫猜想论断很易？那怎么不是蓝领哥猜想？仅仅是生不逢时么？

老何早先三百多年估计也会提出相同论断，哥先生只是中学老师，老何是屁屈地！

 

[mooncake]

老何早先三百多年估计也会提出相同论断，哥先生只是中学老师，老何是屁屈地！

@老何 早生三百多年未必有得上高中。要不人家亚里士多德比 @老何 牛呢，即便 @老何 不但懂牛顿三大力学定律，搞不好连量子力学薛定厄方程都会解。

老毛1955年就提出物质无限可分，当时已知基本粒子是原子中子和质子。可见哲学非常了不起。科学家在哲学家面前是小菜一碟。

毛泽东略加思考，然后说：“我看不见得。从哲学的观点来看，物质是无限可分的。质子、中子、电子，也应该是可分的，一分为二，对立统一嘛！不过，现在实验条件不具备，将来会证明是可分的。你们信不信？你们不信，反正我信。”

 

[ottawa_it_blue_collar]

@老何 早生三百多年未必有得上高中。要不人家亚里士多德比 @老何 牛呢，即便 @老何 不但懂牛顿三大力学定律，搞不好连量子力学薛定厄方程都会解。

老毛1955年就提出物质无限可分，当时已知基本粒子是原子中子和质子。可见哲学非常了不起。科学家在哲学家面前是小菜一碟。

伟大领导是万能的！
亩产一万斤，超英赶美一句话！

 

[pding]

记得上初中时，物理课上老师讲到基本粒子（质子、中子等）。我当时并不知道 毛泽东说过“质子、中子、电子，也应该是可分的”。
下课后我就对同学说：”谁能说‘基本粒子’就一定是基本的了，就一定不能再分了？”

如果一定要把哲学家与科学家的贡献作比较，个人觉得就像前面一位朋友说的：“论断易，证明难”。

虽然从初中起就喜欢翻翻哲学书，但也没觉得自己就成一个“哲学家”了，更没觉得自己就比科学家牛了。自己不过就是个芸芸众生中的普通一员而已。