While the usage of such parallel compound terms as
Englishman,
Frenchman,
Irishman,
Welshman and
Dutchman<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-2>
[3]</SUP> remain unobjectionable,<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-3>
[4]</SUP> the term
Chinaman is noted as offensive by modern dictionaries, dictionaries of slurs<SUP class=Template-Fact title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from July 2010" style="WHITE-SPACE: nowrap">
[citation needed]</SUP> and euphemisms<SUP class=Template-Fact title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from July 2010" style="WHITE-SPACE: nowrap">
[citation needed]</SUP>, and guidelines for
racial harassment.<SUP class=Template-Fact title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from July 2010" style="WHITE-SPACE: nowrap">
[citation needed]</SUP> Its
derogatory connotations evolved from its use in pejorative contexts regarding the Chinese and other Asians. While usage of the term
Chinaman is strongly discouraged by
Asian American organizations,<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-AsianWeek_4-0>
[5]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-HaLingPeak_5-0>
[6]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-ChiSun_6-0>
[7]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-SanFran_7-0>
[8]</SUP> the term has been used by Chinese and persons without stated offensive intent,<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-AsianWeek_4-1>
[5]</SUP><SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-SanFran_7-1>
[8]</SUP> and has also been used as a self-referential archetype by authors and artists of Asian descent.<SUP class=reference id=cite_ref-ChickenCoopChinaman_8-0>
[9]</SUP>