Official Opposition
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_Opposition_(Canada)
In Canada, Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition (French: L'Opposition Loyale de Sa Majesté),[1] commonly known as the Official Opposition, is usually the largest parliamentary opposition party in the House of Commons or a provincial legislative assembly that is not in government either on its own or as part of a governing coalition. This is usually the second-largest party in a legislative house, although in certain unusual circumstances, it may be a third or fourth party or even the largest party.
The Official Opposition is viewed as the caucus tasked with keeping the government in check. It is also generally viewed as the alternative government or "government in waiting". The Official Opposition maintains a shadow cabinet of Members of Parliament (MPs) that often have the same portfolios as actual ministers. They are known as opposition "critics", or "spokespersons".
It is styled as "Her Majesty's Loyal Opposition" to show that, although the group may be against the sitting government, it remains loyal to the Crown (the embodiment of the Canadian state), and thus to Canada.
The leader of the Opposition party is called the "Leader of the Opposition." This position comes with an official residence in Ottawa known as Stornoway, and the salary and perks of a cabinet minister.
The Official Opposition party has advantages over other opposition parties in the House. They are assigned to speak first after the government, and receives more time in question period than other opposition parties. It also gets more funding for research and staff than other parties.