为了你的家庭和后代不“被同性恋”（转）
- 主题发起人 Icare
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同性恋被剔除出精神病list，不是科学研究的结果，而是美国精神病学会成员投票的结果。也就是说，它本身不是科学的结论而是政治的结论。
In a key vote in December 1973, the Board of Trustees overwhelmingly endorsed Spitzer's recommendation. Opponents of the decision attempted to overturn it with a referendum of the APA membership in early 1974-just as Sabshin was beginning his 23-year tenure as APA medical director. The Board's decision to delete homosexuality from the diagnostic manual was supported by 58 percent of the membership.
http://www.psychiatricnews.org/pnews/98-07-17/dsm.html
In a key vote in December 1973, the Board of Trustees overwhelmingly endorsed Spitzer's recommendation. Opponents of the decision attempted to overturn it with a referendum of the APA membership in early 1974-just as Sabshin was beginning his 23-year tenure as APA medical director. The Board's decision to delete homosexuality from the diagnostic manual was supported by 58 percent of the membership.
http://www.psychiatricnews.org/pnews/98-07-17/dsm.html
在这个过程中，Robert Spitzer起到了举足轻重的作用：
Sabshin credited the chair of APA's Committee on Nomenclature in the early 1970s, Robert Spitzer, M.D., with playing a pivotal role in propelling the evolution of APA's position on homosexuality. That committee was charged with revising the initial version of DSM, and Spitzer-armed with research showing there were no valid data to link homosexuality and mental illness-advocated forcefully for the strategy of deleting homosexuality from the disorders list and replacing it with a new one called "sexual orientation disturbance."
Sabshin credited the chair of APA's Committee on Nomenclature in the early 1970s, Robert Spitzer, M.D., with playing a pivotal role in propelling the evolution of APA's position on homosexuality. That committee was charged with revising the initial version of DSM, and Spitzer-armed with research showing there were no valid data to link homosexuality and mental illness-advocated forcefully for the strategy of deleting homosexuality from the disorders list and replacing it with a new one called "sexual orientation disturbance."
然而，2001 同一个Robert Spitzer发表研究结果，指出同性恋是可以治愈的。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Spitzer_(psychiatrist)
In 2001, Spitzer delivered a controversial paper, Can Some Gay Men and Lesbians Change Their Sexual Orientation? at the 2001 annual APA meeting; in that paper, Spitzer argued that it is possible that some highly motivated individuals could successfully change their sexual orientation from homosexual to heterosexual.[17]
A Washington Post article indicates that Spitzer held 45-minute telephonic interviews with 200 people who claimed that their respective sexual orientations had changed from homosexual to heterosexual. Spitzer said he "began his study as a skeptic," but the study revealed that "66 percent of the men and 44 percent of the women had arrived at what [Spitzer] called good heterosexual functioning," defined as "being in a sustained, loving heterosexual relationship within the past year, getting enough satisfaction from the emotional relationship with their partner to rate at least seven on a 10-point scale, having satisfying heterosexual sex at least monthly and never or rarely thinking of somebody of the same sex during heterosexual sex."
Spitzer also found that "89 percent of men and 95 percent of women said they were bothered only slightly, or not at all, by unwanted homosexual feelings" but that "only 11 percent of the men and 37 percent of the women reported a complete absence of homosexual indicators, including same-sex attraction." The Post reported, "Some 43 percent of the sample had been referred to Spitzer by 'ex-gay ministries,'" while "an additional 23 percent were referred by the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality." Spitzer has stated that his research "shows some people can change from gay to straight, and we ought to acknowledge that."[16] Considering how difficult it had been to find 100 participants, and that they were considered the best cases of conversion therapy, Spitzer concluded that although change could occur, it was probably very rare.[18][19]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Spitzer_(psychiatrist)
In 2001, Spitzer delivered a controversial paper, Can Some Gay Men and Lesbians Change Their Sexual Orientation? at the 2001 annual APA meeting; in that paper, Spitzer argued that it is possible that some highly motivated individuals could successfully change their sexual orientation from homosexual to heterosexual.[17]
A Washington Post article indicates that Spitzer held 45-minute telephonic interviews with 200 people who claimed that their respective sexual orientations had changed from homosexual to heterosexual. Spitzer said he "began his study as a skeptic," but the study revealed that "66 percent of the men and 44 percent of the women had arrived at what [Spitzer] called good heterosexual functioning," defined as "being in a sustained, loving heterosexual relationship within the past year, getting enough satisfaction from the emotional relationship with their partner to rate at least seven on a 10-point scale, having satisfying heterosexual sex at least monthly and never or rarely thinking of somebody of the same sex during heterosexual sex."
Spitzer also found that "89 percent of men and 95 percent of women said they were bothered only slightly, or not at all, by unwanted homosexual feelings" but that "only 11 percent of the men and 37 percent of the women reported a complete absence of homosexual indicators, including same-sex attraction." The Post reported, "Some 43 percent of the sample had been referred to Spitzer by 'ex-gay ministries,'" while "an additional 23 percent were referred by the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality." Spitzer has stated that his research "shows some people can change from gay to straight, and we ought to acknowledge that."[16] Considering how difficult it had been to find 100 participants, and that they were considered the best cases of conversion therapy, Spitzer concluded that although change could occur, it was probably very rare.[18][19]
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研究结果一发表， 他立刻受到巨大的政治压力
The APA issued an official disavowal of Spitzer's paper, noting that it had not been peer reviewed and stating that "[t]here is no published scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of reparative therapy as a treatment to change one's sexual orientation."[20][dead link] Two years later, the paper was peer reviewed and published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior.[21]
Two-thirds of the reviews were critical, and the publication decision sparked controversy, with one member of the publication's supporting organization resigning in protest.[22] The paper has been criticized for its sampling methods and criteria for success.[23]
In a 2005 interview, Spitzer stated, "Many colleagues were outraged" following the publication of the study. Spitzer added, "Within the gay community, there was initially tremendous anger and feeling that I had betrayed them."
The APA issued an official disavowal of Spitzer's paper, noting that it had not been peer reviewed and stating that "[t]here is no published scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of reparative therapy as a treatment to change one's sexual orientation."[20][dead link] Two years later, the paper was peer reviewed and published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior.[21]
Two-thirds of the reviews were critical, and the publication decision sparked controversy, with one member of the publication's supporting organization resigning in protest.[22] The paper has been criticized for its sampling methods and criteria for success.[23]
In a 2005 interview, Spitzer stated, "Many colleagues were outraged" following the publication of the study. Spitzer added, "Within the gay community, there was initially tremendous anger and feeling that I had betrayed them."
他选择了退缩：
When asked whether he would consider a follow-up study, Spitzer said no and added that he felt "a little battle fatigue."[24] While Spitzer has said that he has no way of knowing whether the study participants were being honest,[16] he has also indicated that he believed that the interviewees were being candid with him.[24]
When asked whether he would consider a follow-up study, Spitzer said no and added that he felt "a little battle fatigue."[24] While Spitzer has said that he has no way of knowing whether the study participants were being honest,[16] he has also indicated that he believed that the interviewees were being candid with him.[24]
一位前同性恋毒贩、爱滋病病毒携带者，现在的神学教授和牧师。
A touching testimony about Christopher Yuan who was once a drug addict and seller and a homosexual. He was changed by God's love and power to become a pastor who spread God's truth and salvation. (袁幼轩，一个又吸毒，又贩毒，的同性恋者，后来被神的爱和大能，改变成为被神使用的牧师，传扬神的真理和救恩。)
A touching testimony about Christopher Yuan who was once a drug addict and seller and a homosexual. He was changed by God's love and power to become a pastor who spread God's truth and salvation. (袁幼轩，一个又吸毒，又贩毒，的同性恋者，后来被神的爱和大能，改变成为被神使用的牧师，传扬神的真理和救恩。)
最后编辑:
