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So, how do the rest of us measure up?
There’s a well-known test of how ordinary people’s innards “think” faster than our conscious brains, with the prosaic name of the Iowa Gambling Task.
Psychologists at the University of Iowa asked volunteers to play a simple game with four decks of cards. The volunteers drew cards one at a time, a mix of “good” cards that promised a financial reward and “bad” cards that carried a high risk of penalizing the players.
Their task: Figure out which decks were generally good decks and which were bad.
Most of the players needed to draw about 80 cards before they could explain which decks were good and bad.
But the experimenters noticed that much earlier — after about 50 cards — they began drawing mainly from the good decks, even though they weren’t consciously aware of this.
There’s more. The volunteers were wired with equipment that read electrical signals in their skin, which indicate anxiety and stress.
And the skin signals started showing stress levels that lined up correctly with the bad decks after about 10 card draws — long before the people inside those skins were conscious of the risks.
Conclusion: Somewhere inside them, their physiology was recognizing the risks of the game eight times faster than their consciousness could do it.
查看原文...
There’s a well-known test of how ordinary people’s innards “think” faster than our conscious brains, with the prosaic name of the Iowa Gambling Task.
Psychologists at the University of Iowa asked volunteers to play a simple game with four decks of cards. The volunteers drew cards one at a time, a mix of “good” cards that promised a financial reward and “bad” cards that carried a high risk of penalizing the players.
Their task: Figure out which decks were generally good decks and which were bad.
Most of the players needed to draw about 80 cards before they could explain which decks were good and bad.
But the experimenters noticed that much earlier — after about 50 cards — they began drawing mainly from the good decks, even though they weren’t consciously aware of this.
There’s more. The volunteers were wired with equipment that read electrical signals in their skin, which indicate anxiety and stress.
And the skin signals started showing stress levels that lined up correctly with the bad decks after about 10 card draws — long before the people inside those skins were conscious of the risks.
Conclusion: Somewhere inside them, their physiology was recognizing the risks of the game eight times faster than their consciousness could do it.
查看原文...
