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华为5G：美国允许企业合作制定技术标准有何考量
图片版权REUTERS
美国商务部最新宣布，美国公司将更全面地与中国通讯业巨头华为合作，共同制定5G等技术标准。
这在美国与中国日益加剧的贸易、舆论、科技、新冠疫情等广泛冲突中，颇为令人意外。
而尤其重要的是2019年美国商务部将华为列入“实体清单”，以国家安全为理由限制美国公司向华为出售商品和技术，对华为造成巨大冲击。
那么，美国的最新规定是要对华为网开一面吗？
新规定目的
美国商务部部长韦伯·罗斯（Wilbur Ross）宣布了这一新的规定，称其目的是为了“确保美国业界更全面参与通讯领域的标准制定活动”，“美国的参与和领导将影响未来5G、自动驾驶、人工智能和其他领先技术。”
美国商业部表示，“不会放弃全球创新领导者的地位”， 要通过这一行动“鼓励美国业者全面采用和提倡美国技术成为国际标准，来保护美国国家安全和对外政策利益。”
根据美国商务部的新规定，美国公司可以向华为分享用于制定行业标准的技术。
新规定背景
美国业界和政府官员表示，这项新规则调整不应被视为美国反对华为的决心有所减弱。
他们称，把华为列入实体名单使得美国在技术标准制定方面居于劣势。而技术标准是全世界各家企业产品开发规则的依据，只有统一技术标准才能使不同厂商生产的设备能够彼此衔接协调运作。
华为高管：我们“太有竞争力” 让美国害怕
此前，由于美国企业不确定哪些技术可以与华为分享，所以减少了参与标准制定，使华为在标准制定上有了更大的话语权。
不过，美国商务部的规定仍然强调，美国公司与华为分享技术，只是为了制定标准，“不是商业目的”。出于商业用途向华为出售技术仍然需要报备，符合美国的要求。
各方反应
总部设在美国首都华盛顿的信息技术产业协会（Information Technology Industry Council）对美国商务部的决定表示欢迎。
该协会亚洲政策高级总监瑙米·威尔逊（Naomi Wilson）向美国媒体表示，美国公司参与制定标准极为重要。美国公司因为政府规定而被迫退出标准制定，任何人都没有好处，只符合中国方面的利益。
华为公司还没有就美国政府的这一新规定发表评论。不过华为此前一直强调，在连接领域曾经有过历史教训，追求统一的标准是通讯业的共识。
5月，华为轮值董事长郭平曾经表示，过去的经验表明，制造商、运营商、消费者，都能在统一标准的世界获得利益。“华为将积极参与支持和持续合作的方式，推动全球统一标准的实现。”
华为5G
中国在2019年11月正式进入5G商用时代，推出了世界上最大的5G网络。但是华为作为世界上领先的5G技术公司，却遭遇以美国为首的西方多个国家的打压。
英国，曾经在今年年初宣布允许华为参与英国的5G网络建设，现在首相约翰逊也因各方压力有改变态度的迹象。
华为轮值董事长郭平说，现在的华为是努力在寻找怎么能够存活。他说求生存世华为现在的主题词。
根据德国专利数据公司Iplytics发布的关于5G标准专利注册的调查报告，截至2020年元旦，全球21500多个5G标准专利中，华为的专利注册数量世界第一，有3400多个，其次是三星、中兴，LG电子、诺基亚和爱立信。
美国网络安全问题评论员扎克·多夫曼（Zak Doffman）撰文说，美国允许业界公司与华为共同制定5G标准，是“非常关键的改变，是对华为全球5G标准影响力的承认，也是对华为大量专利和研发大投入的承认。同时美国的表明，不希望制造一个5G缺口，威胁我们今后旅行都依赖的5G技术国际兼容局面。”
美国的这一新规定最直接的受益者可能是美国的通讯技术企业，他们将能参与标准制定，与中国的技术竞争；但分析人士指出，新规定可能更反应出这样一个现实，那就是制订全球5G标准必须与中国华为打交道。
果真如此，这将给华为带来什么呢？是进一步的封杀还是开放？
www.bbc.com
U.S. companies can work with Huawei on 5G, other standards: Commerce Department
Karen Freifeld, David Shepardson
(Reuters) - The United States on Monday confirmed a Reuters report that it will amend its prohibitions on U.S. companies doing business with China’s Huawei to allow them to work together on setting standards for next-generation 5G networks.
The U.S. Commerce Department and other agencies signed off on the rule change, which is awaiting publication in the Federal Register, Reuters reported, citing people familiar with the matter. The rule was sent to the Federal Register on Friday and is set to be published as early as Tuesday.
U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross confirmed the action in a statement to Reuters.
“The United States will not cede leadership in global innovation,” Ross said. “The department is committed to protecting U.S. national security and foreign policy interests by encouraging U.S. industry to fully engage and advocate for U.S. technologies to become international standards.”
The Commerce Department publicly announced the move later on Monday. It noted that U.S. participation in standards-setting “influences the future of 5G, autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence and other cutting-edge technologies.”
In the telecommunications industry, 5G, or fifth-generation wireless networks are expected to power everything from high-speed video transmissions to self-driving cars.
A Huawei spokeswoman, Michelle Zhou, had no immediate comment.
Last year, the United States placed Huawei on the Commerce Department’s so-called entity list, which restricted sales of U.S. goods and technology to the company, citing national security.
Industry and government officials said the rule change should not be viewed as a sign of weakening U.S. resolve against Huawei, the world’s largest telecommunications equipment maker. They said the Huawei entity listing put the United States at a disadvantage in standards settings, where companies develop specifications to allow equipment from different companies to function together.
With U.S. companies uncertain what technology or information they were allowed to share, engineers from some U.S. firms reduced their participation, giving Huawei a stronger voice.
The new rule came in response to concerns from U.S. companies and lawmakers, a person briefed on the matter said.
“Confusion stemming from the May 2019 entity list update had inadvertently sidelined U.S. companies from some technical standards conversations, putting them at a strategic disadvantage,” said Naomi Wilson, senior director of policy for Asia at the Information Technology Industry Council, which represents companies including Amazon.com Inc, Qualcomm Inc and Intel Corp.
“This much-needed clarification will allow companies to once again compete and lead in these foundational activities that help enable the rollout of advanced technologies, such as 5G and AI, across markets,” she said. “We look forward to reviewing the rule once posted and working with the administration on implementation.”
Reuters exclusively reported last month that the amendment had been drafted and was awaiting approval.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo will meet with Chinese officials in Hawaii this week amid increased tensions between the two countries, according to another person familiar with the matter.
- 2020年 6月 16日
图片版权REUTERS
美国商务部最新宣布，美国公司将更全面地与中国通讯业巨头华为合作，共同制定5G等技术标准。
这在美国与中国日益加剧的贸易、舆论、科技、新冠疫情等广泛冲突中，颇为令人意外。
而尤其重要的是2019年美国商务部将华为列入“实体清单”，以国家安全为理由限制美国公司向华为出售商品和技术，对华为造成巨大冲击。
那么，美国的最新规定是要对华为网开一面吗？
新规定目的
美国商务部部长韦伯·罗斯（Wilbur Ross）宣布了这一新的规定，称其目的是为了“确保美国业界更全面参与通讯领域的标准制定活动”，“美国的参与和领导将影响未来5G、自动驾驶、人工智能和其他领先技术。”
美国商业部表示，“不会放弃全球创新领导者的地位”， 要通过这一行动“鼓励美国业者全面采用和提倡美国技术成为国际标准，来保护美国国家安全和对外政策利益。”
根据美国商务部的新规定，美国公司可以向华为分享用于制定行业标准的技术。
新规定背景
美国业界和政府官员表示，这项新规则调整不应被视为美国反对华为的决心有所减弱。
他们称，把华为列入实体名单使得美国在技术标准制定方面居于劣势。而技术标准是全世界各家企业产品开发规则的依据，只有统一技术标准才能使不同厂商生产的设备能够彼此衔接协调运作。
华为高管：我们“太有竞争力” 让美国害怕
此前，由于美国企业不确定哪些技术可以与华为分享，所以减少了参与标准制定，使华为在标准制定上有了更大的话语权。
不过，美国商务部的规定仍然强调，美国公司与华为分享技术，只是为了制定标准，“不是商业目的”。出于商业用途向华为出售技术仍然需要报备，符合美国的要求。
各方反应
总部设在美国首都华盛顿的信息技术产业协会（Information Technology Industry Council）对美国商务部的决定表示欢迎。
该协会亚洲政策高级总监瑙米·威尔逊（Naomi Wilson）向美国媒体表示，美国公司参与制定标准极为重要。美国公司因为政府规定而被迫退出标准制定，任何人都没有好处，只符合中国方面的利益。
华为公司还没有就美国政府的这一新规定发表评论。不过华为此前一直强调，在连接领域曾经有过历史教训，追求统一的标准是通讯业的共识。
5月，华为轮值董事长郭平曾经表示，过去的经验表明，制造商、运营商、消费者，都能在统一标准的世界获得利益。“华为将积极参与支持和持续合作的方式，推动全球统一标准的实现。”
华为5G
中国在2019年11月正式进入5G商用时代，推出了世界上最大的5G网络。但是华为作为世界上领先的5G技术公司，却遭遇以美国为首的西方多个国家的打压。
英国，曾经在今年年初宣布允许华为参与英国的5G网络建设，现在首相约翰逊也因各方压力有改变态度的迹象。
华为轮值董事长郭平说，现在的华为是努力在寻找怎么能够存活。他说求生存世华为现在的主题词。
根据德国专利数据公司Iplytics发布的关于5G标准专利注册的调查报告，截至2020年元旦，全球21500多个5G标准专利中，华为的专利注册数量世界第一，有3400多个，其次是三星、中兴，LG电子、诺基亚和爱立信。
美国网络安全问题评论员扎克·多夫曼（Zak Doffman）撰文说，美国允许业界公司与华为共同制定5G标准，是“非常关键的改变，是对华为全球5G标准影响力的承认，也是对华为大量专利和研发大投入的承认。同时美国的表明，不希望制造一个5G缺口，威胁我们今后旅行都依赖的5G技术国际兼容局面。”
美国的这一新规定最直接的受益者可能是美国的通讯技术企业，他们将能参与标准制定，与中国的技术竞争；但分析人士指出，新规定可能更反应出这样一个现实，那就是制订全球5G标准必须与中国华为打交道。
果真如此，这将给华为带来什么呢？是进一步的封杀还是开放？
华为5G：美国允许企业合作制定技术标准有何考量 - BBC News 中文
美国商务部最新宣布，通讯业可以为了制定技术标准与华为合作。如此决定的出发点是什么？对华为将有何影响？
www.bbc.com
U.S. companies can work with Huawei on 5G, other standards: Commerce Department
Karen Freifeld, David Shepardson
(Reuters) - The United States on Monday confirmed a Reuters report that it will amend its prohibitions on U.S. companies doing business with China’s Huawei to allow them to work together on setting standards for next-generation 5G networks.
The U.S. Commerce Department and other agencies signed off on the rule change, which is awaiting publication in the Federal Register, Reuters reported, citing people familiar with the matter. The rule was sent to the Federal Register on Friday and is set to be published as early as Tuesday.
U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross confirmed the action in a statement to Reuters.
“The United States will not cede leadership in global innovation,” Ross said. “The department is committed to protecting U.S. national security and foreign policy interests by encouraging U.S. industry to fully engage and advocate for U.S. technologies to become international standards.”
The Commerce Department publicly announced the move later on Monday. It noted that U.S. participation in standards-setting “influences the future of 5G, autonomous vehicles, artificial intelligence and other cutting-edge technologies.”
In the telecommunications industry, 5G, or fifth-generation wireless networks are expected to power everything from high-speed video transmissions to self-driving cars.
A Huawei spokeswoman, Michelle Zhou, had no immediate comment.
Last year, the United States placed Huawei on the Commerce Department’s so-called entity list, which restricted sales of U.S. goods and technology to the company, citing national security.
Industry and government officials said the rule change should not be viewed as a sign of weakening U.S. resolve against Huawei, the world’s largest telecommunications equipment maker. They said the Huawei entity listing put the United States at a disadvantage in standards settings, where companies develop specifications to allow equipment from different companies to function together.
With U.S. companies uncertain what technology or information they were allowed to share, engineers from some U.S. firms reduced their participation, giving Huawei a stronger voice.
The new rule came in response to concerns from U.S. companies and lawmakers, a person briefed on the matter said.
“Confusion stemming from the May 2019 entity list update had inadvertently sidelined U.S. companies from some technical standards conversations, putting them at a strategic disadvantage,” said Naomi Wilson, senior director of policy for Asia at the Information Technology Industry Council, which represents companies including Amazon.com Inc, Qualcomm Inc and Intel Corp.
“This much-needed clarification will allow companies to once again compete and lead in these foundational activities that help enable the rollout of advanced technologies, such as 5G and AI, across markets,” she said. “We look forward to reviewing the rule once posted and working with the administration on implementation.”
Reuters exclusively reported last month that the amendment had been drafted and was awaiting approval.
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo will meet with Chinese officials in Hawaii this week amid increased tensions between the two countries, according to another person familiar with the matter.
