[请求] 谁能帮忙翻译一下这段文章？急～～谢谢了～～

[tracychan]

帮朋友翻的，不过太多了，翻不完～～求帮忙一部分～



音译( transliteration)指的是把一种语言的语音用另一种语言中跟它发音相同或相近的语音表示出来。对于我国传统文化独有的人文景点，只有音译才能避免外国游客的不解和误解，因而是保护文化精髓不流失的重要手段，音译也是保证严复“信达雅”原则“信”的手段之一。在景点名称翻译中单独使用音译的并不多见, 大多数是同直译和意译结合起来使用。例如,“Xiaoyao Ford”(逍遥津)、“Shushan Forest Park”(蜀山森林公园)、“Yaolin Wonderland”(瑶林仙境)、“Potala Palace”(布达拉宫)、“Mogao Grotto in Dunhuang”(敦煌莫高窟)、“Huangshan Mountain”(黄山)。译文读者不排斥音译的景点名称, 一方面表现出他们对源语文字的尊重并接受其读音; 另一方面上述所列出的后三处景点都被联合国教科文组织(UNESCO ) 列入了世界文化遗产名录。这些景点在国际上享有较高的知名度, 外国游客对他们的音译名接受度自然会高出其他景点的音译名。景点的音译名最大限度地保留了源语文字的读音, 这对于扩大景点的影响力有很大作用。随着旅游业的发展, 这些景点的音译名被接受程度会越来越高, 接受度的提高也使信息的传达更有效。现代语言学的语用翻译理论也认为：“译者如果要表现原语文化特征，增强译著的异域感，则应尽量译出原文的形象和习惯。音译则是一种有效作法，所以音译是有其理据的，可以说，在诸多的翻译理论流派中还没有否定音译的说法，因为音译实际上是一种翻译的基本技巧。


直译法首先考虑的是原文内容,其次是忠实原文形式,最后才是通顺,而意译法把原文内容放在首位,译文通顺放其次,不拘泥于原文形式.音译主要作用就是扩大经典的影响力,推动旅游业的发展. 翻译有法但无定法，不同的语言各有其特点和形式，在词汇、语法、惯用法、表达方式等方面有相同之处，也有相异之处。所以翻译时就必须采取不同的手段，或意译或直译或音译，量体裁衣，灵活处理. 我们认为,实际翻译过程中,译者即便在同一译本中也总是交替采用不同策略,使它们互为补充,互相依存,这也是不可否认的翻译事实。所谓“互补”(complementarity) ,是指优势互补,互相借鉴,以收扬长避短之效; 所谓“互依”(symbiosis) 是指互为依存,互利互惠,犹如生物间的共生关系,利益相关,休戚与共。独遵一法而罢黜另一法的做法会造成严重后果,在翻译实践中也是不现实的。
结论
综上说述，在旅游景点名称的英译中无论采取哪一种方法, 或是把几种方法结合起来使用, 都要考虑到译入语读者的感受和可接受度, 译入语中应当能体现源语的社会语用知识。译者在英译旅游景点解说词时，最理想的境界应是多种策略的融合并用, 而要达到这一境界首先需要译者具备跨文化意识,其次需要用翻译理论指导自己的实践,最后需要深厚的双语及文化功底。像其它翻译领域一样,旅游景点解说词的翻译是一个困难重重而又魅力无穷的世界,急需深入的理论和实践探索。

 

[耍蛇11号]

我去，好强啊，感觉学习文言文了

 

[无敌小妖精]

Transliterates to refer is pronounces same or the close pronunciation one language pronunciation with another language in with it expresses. Humanities scenic spot is in sole possession of which regarding our country traditional culture, only then transliterates can avoid the foreign tourist being relentless and the misunderstanding, thus protects the important method which the cultural essence does not drain, transliterates also is guaranteed strict duplicate "the letter reaches the principle elegantly" "the letter" one of methods. The independent employment transliterates in the scenic spot name translation not much sees, The majority is unifies the use with the literal translation and the transliteration. For example,"Xiaoyao Ford" (rambles Tianjin), "Shushan Forest Park" (the Shushan forest park), "Yaolin Wonderland" (precious forest fairyland), "Potala Palace" (Potala Palace), "Mogao Grotto in Dunhuang" (the Dunhuang Mogao Caves), "Huangshan Mountain" (Huangshan Mountain). The translation reader does not repel the scenic spot name which transliterates, On the one hand displays them and accepts its pronunciation to the source language writing respect; On the other hand above lists the latter three scenic spots (UNESCO) have been all included by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization the world culture inheritance name list. These scenic spots in on international enjoy the high well-knownness, The foreign tourist can outdo other scenic spots naturally to their sound translated name 接受度（这个不会） the sound translated name. The scenic spot sound translated name maximum limit retained the source language writing pronunciation, This regarding expands the scenic spot the influence to have the very major function. Along with tourism development, These scenic spots sound translated names speak to be more and more high by the receptivity, 接受度（不会） the enhancement also causes the information the transmission to be more effective. The modern linguistics language also thought with the translation theory that, "Translator if must display the primitive cultural characteristic, enhancement translation foreign land feeling, then should translate the original text as far as possible the image and the custom. Transliterates then is one effective method, therefore transliterates has its principle according to, may say, in many translations theories school does not have the view which the denial transliterates, because transliterates is one translation essential skill in fact.


The literal translation law first considers is the original text content,Next is the faithful original text form,Finally is smooth,But transliterates the law to place the original text content the first place,The translation smoothly puts next,Does not rigidly adhere to the original text formTransliterates the main function is expands the classics the influence,Impetus tourism development The translation has the law but to be indefinite method, the different language has its characteristic and the form respectively, in the glossary, the grammar, is used to aspect and so on usage, expression way has same place, also has differently place. Therefore time translation must adopt the different method, either the transliteration or the literal translation or transliterates, acts according to circumstances, nimble processing We believed,In actual translation process,The translator even if also always in turn uses the different strategy in the identical translated edition,Causes them is the supplement mutually,Depends on for existence mutually,This also is the translation fact which 可不否认（不会）. So-called "supplementary" (complementarity),Is refers to the superiority supplementarily,Profits from mutually,By receives enhances strong points and avoid weaknesses the effect; So-called "depends on (symbiosis) is mutually" refers for depends on for existence mutually,Mutually beneficial reciprocal benefit,Justs like biological the paragenesis relations,The benefit is related,Shares weal and woe. Alone obeys a law but to reject another method procedure to be able to create the serious consequence,In the translation practice also is not realistic.
Conclusion
In the synthesis said states, in scenic site name that translate from english to chinese which one method regardless of does adopt, Perhaps unifies several methods the use, All must consider to translates into the language reader's feeling and may 接受度(不会), Translates into in the language to have to be able to manifest the source language the social language to use the knowledge. The translator translates the scenic site commentary when England, the most ideal boundary should be the many kinds of strategies fusion and uses, But must achieve this boundary first needs the translator to have the Trans-Culture consciousness,Next need instructs own with the translation theory practice,Finally needs deep bilingual and the cultural foundation of basic skills. Is same like other translation domains,The scenic site commentary translation is beset with difficulties but also the charm infinite world,Urgent need thorough theory and practice exploration.