吴华扬:华裔在美国,永远的“外国人”

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在中美打响贸易战、美国国内的“中国间谍威胁”论调越发喧嚣之际,华裔族群在美国的处境以及他们在双边关系中的角色备受关注。

今日应中国与全球化智库(CCG)之邀,美国华人精英组织百人会(Committee of 100)会长、加州大学黑斯廷法学院特聘教授吴华扬(Frank Wu)在北京发表演讲。

他从自己的成长故事说起,梳理了华裔族群在美国的发展史,贸易战阴影下这个群体面临的新挑战,以及百人会的缘起和它在中美关系中的作用。



我是吴华扬,一个华裔美国公民,美国百人会会长。我今天的演讲将分成三部分:分别有关华裔在美国的发展史,百人会,以及正在进行中的中美贸易战。我想先从我自己的故事说起。

华裔在美国:永远的“外国人”

1968年,我跟随父母到底特律生活,那时我刚1岁。我的父亲是个工程师,和我母亲一样来自台湾。他拿着奖学金到美国读研究生,毕业后进入福特公司工作。底特律不像旧金山、纽约这些华人较多的城市,我们家是我们居住的那个社区中唯一的亚裔面孔。

作为一个孩子,我渴望完全融入美国人群,不希望与众不同。而1970年代的美国,多元文化、多元主义这类概念还没出现,人们觉得,我们这样的少数族裔就是应该在美国这个“大熔炉”中被同化的。如果你与众不同,你会面对各种各样的嘲讽、恶意的玩笑,还有孩子之间颇为残酷的捉弄。你会被起外号,会被唤作“chink”“jap”或者“gook”。人们会问你,吃不吃狗肉?或者,你这么小的眼睛怎么看得见东西?你的父母会被称作“共党”。在美国的所有少数族裔儿童中,华裔儿童受到的欺负是最多的。

我今天要有些羞愧地承认,我长大过程中,曾对有一双华裔父母而感到尴尬。所有的孩子在成长过程中多少都会对自己的父母感到尴尬,但移民子女的尴尬感更强烈,因为我们急于融入同龄人,急于摆脱父母亲希望我们能够传承下去的少数族裔的身份,因为这些身份给我们带来了太多不公平的、让我们难堪的遭遇。

小时候我最不喜欢做的事情,就是周末去华人学校学习中文。今天当我来到中国,我终于明白我母亲是正确的,那时我多该把中文学好。但孩提时代的我们又知道些什么呢?我们只想待在电视前看卡通片,过得和身边的同龄人一样,不想要更多功课,或者做那个孝顺的孩子。一切华裔父母希望他们孩子做的,他们的孩子们无一例外地抵制。尽管我妈妈每晚会给全家人做五道菜的丰盛晚餐,每餐必有一条清蒸鱼,我哥哥和我还是会嗤之以鼻,要求吃炖牛肉、披萨和热狗。

但那时我就已经很清楚地知道,我的美国朋友的父母,不会成为我的父母的朋友。我们终究和别人不一样。在1970年代的底特律,与众不同是不受欢迎的,不仅有公开的歧视,暗地里同样如此。不管华人多么勤奋、多么努力地改善他们的英语发音,只要他们去银行申请贷款来买房,或者像我父亲那样打算创业时,他们就会立刻遭遇歧视。我父母将一切归咎于他们的口音。他们觉得,因为我和我哥哥生在美国,长在美国,就一定会被美国社会所接纳。他们是如此地笃信“美国梦”。

直到1982年,一起华人遇害事件彻底惊醒了我。正是在它的刺激下,我开始写作,开始为少数族裔的权利鼓与呼,最后成为了一名律师兼教授。这起案件,在美国的亚裔人群中很出名,在这个人群之外知道的人很少,对大洋彼岸的中国人则几乎完全陌生。

故事的主人公名叫Vincent Chin(陈果仁)。我并不认识他或他的家庭,但他家也在底特律,离我家只有几英里的距离。他属于比我家更早一批的华裔移民,这批移民更多在城市里安家,多以开餐馆、洗衣房来谋生。陈果仁并不是所谓的“模范少数族裔”,也就是说,他不是我父母会拿我与之比较的那种“别人家的孩子”。

他因为开车太快、爱喝酒,大学期间就辍学了。如果他是个白人,那在别人眼中会是个再普通不过的小伙子。1982年,时年27岁的陈果仁正准备结婚,迎娶一位同样是美籍华裔的姑娘。6月19日,一个初夏的夜晚,他招呼朋友们去参加他婚礼前的单身派对。在那里,他们遇见了两位白人——一位父亲和他的继子,他们都为美国车厂工作。在一场争吵引发的打斗中,陈果仁被这两位白人活活打死。

我在这里先暂停一下,讲一讲这起事件发生的背景。底特律之所以被称作“汽车之城”,是因为它汇集了当时美国所有主要的汽车制造商,包括福特、通用、克莱斯勒,它们象征着美国的伟大。时间点也很重要。当时美国正经历一场经济衰退,比2008年的危机更糟,因为那场危机不是全球性的,而是仅仅局限于美国。

当时美日关系十分紧张,原因今天听上去很耳熟——因为贸易。那时的日本经济正处于蓬勃上升期——虽然现在我们知道当时的日本经济已有相当程度的泡沫,以至于后来有“失去的20年”——但在那时,美国人非常害怕日本。他们害怕日本公司将占领美国经济,以至于全体美国人都终将为日本人服务。

当时日本公司在美国疯狂收购——这点听上去也很耳熟——收购美国企业、房地产、球队,等等。美国国内的仇日情绪高涨,政客们叫嚣着要和日本打贸易战,还有人说日本在对美进行“经济上的珍珠港袭击”。那时底特律的汽车产业受到日本进口车的严重冲击。美国车厂的工人们对日本十分仇视,而仇视的对象很快涵盖了华裔、甚至一切亚裔,因为在他们眼中,“你们长得都一样”。在1970年代的美国,如果你长着一张亚洲脸,那么底特律绝对是你最不想去的地方。

让我们再回到那个故事。就在陈果仁的单身派对上,那两位白人看到了他,开始冲着他叫喊一连串充满种族歧视的脏话,如“chink”、“jap”。陈果仁告诉他们,自己是中国人,不是日本人,但无济于事。根据目击者的报道,其中一个白人冲他喊:“就是因为你们这些狗娘养的,我们才会丢饭碗!”在双方打斗中,那两个白人从车后备箱中取出一根棒球棒,活活打碎了陈果仁的头骨。他鲜血和脑浆迸了一地,昏迷前说的最后一句话,是粤语:“不公平。”在医院里抢救四天之后,陈果仁不治身亡。

他的死震动了美国的亚裔群体。然而真正让这个人群热血沸腾,打破沉默走上街头,或向媒体疾书表达抗议的,是美国法庭对那两位白人的审判结果。尽管这两人从一开始就承认是他们杀害了陈果仁,但他们始终坚称那只是一场酒吧打斗,否认是基于种族歧视的仇恨犯罪。最终他们被判缓刑三年,每人罚款3000美元,一天监狱也没进。

这起案件,让很多亚裔美国人悲哀地意识到,不管自己再怎么努力工作,再怎么尽力融入美国社会,自己还是无法被美国人接受,是一群“永远的外国人”。

我以这个故事开头,是想告诉大家,我是怎么会对少数族裔问题产生兴趣的。我将再花一些时间简单梳理一下华裔在美国的发展历史。这些知识并不是学校教给我的。美国教科书中提到一句贯穿全美大陆的太平洋铁路,它部分是由华人修建的,但除此之外对华裔为美国所做的贡献鲜有涉及。

我花了很多时间自己研究美国华裔的历史,现在作为一名教授,我在美国的大学向学生们教授这段历史。就在这几天,美国最高法院刚刚做出裁决,支持特朗普总统针对穆斯林的旅游禁令,而他们依据的最重要的历史判例,就是“二战”期间美国政府对日裔美国公民的处理方式。所以,在美国司法历史上,亚裔族群十分重要,围绕他们形成了多项至今还有影响力的司法判例。

华人移民美国最早可以追溯到19世纪30年代。在1861年至1865的美国独立战争中,南北两方都有来自中国的士兵。许多华裔自愿代表他们的国家进行战斗——即使他们没有被完全接受,他们已经把美国当作自己的国家。

接下来的一波,是来美国修建铁路的中国劳工。明年是个重要的年份,不仅是中美关系正常化40周年,也是第一条贯穿全美大陆的太平洋铁路建成150周年。这条铁路当时从中西两头同时向美国腹地修建,爱尔兰人从东向西,中国劳工则从西向东。

当时有将近1.3万名华人劳工参与了这项工程,在崇山峻岭中爆破出一条路来。在英语中有一个带有种族侮辱意味的俗语,叫做“Chinaman’s chance(中国佬的机会)”,意思就是,完全没有赢的机会。这句话就来自那个年代,因为那时中国劳工在没有其他人能忍受的艰苦和危险的环境中工作。比如他们有时要靠绳索将自己吊在悬崖上,点燃携带的炸药,把岩石一点点炸开。尽管这条铁路的整个西段都是中国劳工修建的,但在1869年铁路建成后的庆典照片上,却找不到一个中国人。

华人移民美国有以下几波浪潮。第一波浪潮包括刚才提到的那些铁路工人。如今许多加州华人已是他们的第六代甚至是第七代子嗣。他们主要来自珠江三角洲地区,说粤语或者相近的方言。他们在旧金山、纽约和其他一些城市开创了唐人街,这些唐人街社区至今还生机勃勃。这次移民浪潮因为1882年美国在强烈的仇华气氛中通过《排华法案》而终止。根据这个法案,除了极少数的例外,美国不允许华人劳工入境。

但1906年旧金山发生的一场地震和随之发生的大火,烧毁了许多档案记录,对华人来说却成了一个福音。因为法律规定,在1906年前来过美国、或者祖辈在1906年时已在美国的华人,仍被允许入境。于是就出现了许多“paper sons(纸儿子)”。他们谎称是某某的孩子,虚构一个家庭故事,改掉自己的姓名,用这样的办法成功进入美国。

第二波华裔移民出现在“二战”之后,时间跨度40年,差不多两代人。他们主要来自台湾、香港和菲律宾,几乎没有人来自中国大陆。1965年美国正式废除了移民配额制,掀起一轮亚洲移民潮,此后数十万华人来到美国,几乎全部来自台湾和香港,大多数是拿奖学金的学生,比如我的父母。他们学成后留在了美国,扎下新的根,成为美国社会的一部分。

到20世纪80年代,又一波华人移民涌向美国,这一次他们主要来自中国大陆。他们很多是中国最好的大学里读书的优秀学生,靠奖学金来到美国深造,或者是最优秀的学者,被邀请到美国访学和教书。与此同时,还有另一种华裔移民,那些偷渡来的、没有合法证件,没有精湛技能的劳动者,他们更多只能在纽约法拉盛这样的地方,靠劳动谋生。

来自不同时期不同地区的华人,在美国形成了不同的群体和社区。现在如果你来到美国,你不仅能在大城市中的唐人街看到很多华人,还能在像加州蒙市这样的城市近郊见到很多“新华人”。距离洛杉矶市中心8英里左右的蒙市,上世纪七八十年代,在一代人的时间里,从一个居民主要是白人的城市,转变为亚裔(主要是华裔)为主的城市。我们百人会成员陈李婉若就曾成功竞选蒙市市长,成为美国历史上第一位华裔女市长。

百人会:中美关系的信使

接下来,我想简单介绍百人会的创办过程和它在中美关系中可以发挥的积极作用。

华裔在美国最早的组织是在旧金山建立的,他们把这个组织叫做“Native Sons of Golden State”(美洲同源总会的前身),旨在鼓励美国亚裔对抗种族歧视和不平等。然而它更像一个社群组织,在美国主流社会中并没有什么影响力。在20世纪80年代中期,在纽约的一场晚宴上,美国前国务卿亨利•基辛格鼓励贝聿铭将优秀华人组织起来,代表华人社会发出声音。

终于,在1989年,贝聿铭,马友友,邓兆祥,唐蹓千,杨雪兰及吴健雄博士在纽约正式成立了名为百人会的非营利性组织,旨在形成属于华人自己的群体,向美国主流社会发出属于华人自己的声音。百人会自创始以来,始终致力于两大使命:即推动华裔群体全面融入美国社会,促进美国与大中华地区建设性发展。作为由优秀华人精英组成的非政治性组织,会员凭借个人成就受邀请入会,现如今,百人会已有150多位成员,遍布商界,政界,学术界,艺术和体育领域,其中包括雅虎公司创始人,首位美籍华人宇航员,美国驻中国大使,世界体育冠军等。

LW_0713a.jpg

1988年,贝聿铭(左)、邓兆祥(中)与亨利•基辛格讨论百人会筹建事宜

实际上,中美关系间的摩擦大多来自于“误解”。由于中美间的文化差异,言语,行事风格、身体动作、甚至眼神都可能造成理解误差,因此中美双方间的交流往往无法达到预期的效果。我给大家举个例子。2016年,百人会在北京钓鱼台国宾馆举行了一场慈善活动,我们邀请了时任联合国秘书长潘基文和前英国首相戈登•布朗作为嘉宾出席。

这场活动汇聚了美国的许多顶尖华裔精英,以及多位同样顶尖的中国国内精英。我们在活动中倡导慈善公益精神,并阐释为何中国梦和美国梦是相容而非矛盾的。活动收到了很好的效果,媒体的报道都十分正面。

有意思的是,几年之前,全球最富有、也最慷慨于慈善事业的两位人士 – 沃伦•巴菲特和比尔•盖茨也曾在中国举办过过一场类似活动。他们请来许多中国成功人士,希望后者加入他们,一起做慈善。但正如《经济学人》杂志在一篇报道中所说,这两位富豪并没有在中国获得期待中的礼遇,原因在于中国精英们认为他们“居高临下”,以一副规则制定者的姿态传授经验。

事实上,他们所传达的理念和百人会基本一致,不同点在于,他们讲的是英语,而我们讲的是普通话和粤语,就算有时我们也讲英语,但我们这些“信使”本身也不同于那两位,我们是以平等的姿态和中国精英们对话的。

因此,百人会是不可或缺的,作为中美关系中的信使,我们从中美两方角度同时出发,充分理解两方观点,并以合适的语言进行传达,更好地避免误解和矛盾升级。同时,百人会通过对美国民众展开有关对华评价的社会调查,设立领导力奖学金计划,在国会山做介绍与游说,与CCG这样的中国智库共同举办论坛等等,帮助两国互相了解,促进中美人文交流。

中美贸易战:实为症状,而非症结

接下来,谈谈我对中美贸易战的看法。我认为现在中美关系的紧张,不仅仅是贸易上的紧张,更多的是文化上的冲突和焦虑;导火索甚至不是中国,而是美国内政,包括几个月后的中期选举。

有两个大趋势,正在深刻影响当今中美关系。第一个是中国堪称奇迹的崛起速度。我最近几年每年来中国两次,每次都会被中国的发展速度惊讶到。无论以什么样的衡量标准,在人类历史上从没有一个国家可以像中国一样,在拥有这样规模的疆土和人口的同时,发展得如此迅猛和持续,使如此多的人口摆脱了贫困。即使在美国经济发展最繁荣的时期,也无法与当今中国的经济发展速度相媲美。

中国经济是个奇迹,但对于美国来说,则成了一种威胁。美国长期占据世界主宰的位置,美国人习惯于把中国看作是第三世界里仍与贫困作斗争的落后国家。如今面对这个强大的、具有全球影响力的国家,他们无所适从。中国不仅开始展示雄厚的硬实力,在软实力方面,包括在非洲、在南中国海、 “一带一路”沿线,中国的影响力都在迅速上升。这都在刺激着美国人对中国的观感。

我这几年在北京大学深圳研究生院教课,用英语向中国学生讲授美国的司法制度。我住在校园里,亲眼看见我的中国学生有多用功。他们每天都学习到深夜,周末也不间断。我想象不出任何一个美国人,哪怕华裔美国人,能够像这些中国学生一样享受学习,把学习当成理所应当的事情。“努力工作”听起来应该是个褒义词,但是中国人的努力在很多美国人的眼中,被视作“不公平竞争”。

美国人担心的是,亚洲人能吃苦,愿意忍受更恶劣的环境,最终把美国人都比下去。一个世纪前,一位名叫塞缪尔•冈帕斯(Samuel Gompers)的美国劳工领袖,在一本政治小册子上写下一句当时非常著名的标语:“Meat vs Rice(肉食对大米)”。他意思是,亚洲人吃米,米比肉便宜,所以亚洲人必然会不公平地击败美国男子,因此不能让中国人进入美国。这听起来真的很荒谬,但它真实发生过。

第二个大趋势,就是当今在美国社会内部发生着前所未有的人口结构变化。用一句话来概括就是,在我们这一代人的有生之年,白人将不再是美国的主要族裔。这种剧变在美国的某些地区已经引起了反弹。比如旧金山是美国华裔最多的城市,不仅出现过华裔市长,而且华裔正在形成这个城市里的人口新主流。

这在白人当中激发起一种基于肤色的民族主义情绪。他们把这看作是一种侵略,认为应该禁止中国学者入境。甚至有人宣称,每个中国人对美国来说都是一个威胁,每位华人——不管是新移民还是已经入籍的华裔美国公民——在他们眼里都可能是间谍。

近几年中,FBI曾两次对美国华人发起间谍控告。坦普尔大学物理系主任郗小星,美国国家气象局公务员陈霞芬,历经苦难,终于证明自己的清白。虽然最后这两起控告都被证实为捕风捉影,然而“所有中国人都有可能是间谍”的言论不仅骇人听闻,更从侧面说明了美国政府对华人的偏见和敌意。

在此背景下,特朗普发布的贸易之战具有更多象征性,对中国的言辞其实更多反映了美国国内政治,美国的分化与焦虑,以及中美的文化差异。此外,中期选举临近,特朗普也在为获得选民支持做准备。中美贸易战只是一个症状,而不是症结,这只是更大问题的一小部分。

正是在这样的紧张时刻,持续的交流探讨对于中美双方都至关重要。CCG和百人会将尽全力搭建双边友好关系的桥梁,尽力消除误会,防止冲突升级。在这个时刻,有摩擦也有冲突,但在寻求解决方法的过程中,发展与机遇也将随之到来。

LW_0713b.jpg

百人会的元老们

问答环节

问题一:美国会出现一位华裔总统吗?

吴华扬:
我觉得很可能会。在骆家辉成为华盛顿州长之前,没人觉得他能成功。他成功的关键在于他跨越了种族,获得了主流社会的支持。华盛顿州常有亚裔背景的从政者,但若只凭亚裔背景,骆家辉是无法成功的。即使在旧金山,你也不能仅凭亚裔身份当选。亚裔不超过美国总人口的6%,仅凭这个人群的支持是无法在全国胜选的。你必须超越种族。

问题二:为何种族歧视在美国仍然存在?

吴华扬:
为什么会有偏见?偏见无处不在。如果你来到中国,你也会感受到偏见。说普通话的和说粤语的。还有地域偏见,上海人对外地人,等等。人总是分群的。亚裔和华裔在美国显得尤其危险,因为我们看起来就和别人不一样。如果你是白种人,那融入美国社会容易得多。如果后来你改姓了,人们就不会知道你的祖先并不来自“五月花”号。但如果你是亚裔,被领养了,姓“史密斯”,那么生活中你每天都会遇到别人问你,史密斯?你怎么会姓史密斯?我们相貌就不同。

西方社会一直恐惧他们口中的“黄祸”,认为黄种人会接管世界。他们的担心,并不是因为我们比他们差,而是因为我们比他们强。如果你研读西方历史,就知道不仅仅在美国是这样。“黄祸”、东西方冲突,在西方是反复出现的的议题。

问题三:美国华人是否面对又一个“陈果仁(Vincent Chin)时刻”?

吴华扬:
我希望不是。我们在消除种族歧视上已经取得了一些进步。尽管现在是美国国内社会最紧张,最令人担心的时刻,人群被严重割裂。这不只是我的意见。看看最近的任何一种社会调查,总统的支持者,他的反对者,在信仰、地区等等上都严重对立。我们在减少种族歧视上已经取得了不少进步,我觉得我们不会再度面对那样一个时刻。但这也很难说。这正是“陈果仁时刻”的可怕之处。打死他的人不是3K党成员,不会身穿白袍,公开叫嚣种族歧视。他们只是普通人。可怕之处就在于,他们可能就是普通人,在酒吧里就坐在你身旁,但他们对中国心怀怨恨,一旦喝多了,受到什么刺激,你就会成为目标。

问题四:中美目前的争端,不是因为彼此缺乏了解,而是因为彼此过于了解?

吴华扬:
我觉得有这种可能。但我认为彼此在交流中仍然存在误解,尤其是当我看到一些翻译之后。我的中文好到可以看懂一些翻译,可以举些例子。在中国人的口中,可以很自然说出“共产党”、“统一战线”、“宣传”这类词汇。但不论何时,如果你在美国说出这些词,“共产党”、“统一战线”、“宣传”,在一定比例的美国人中——我不知道,也许是10%,20%,25%的美国人 – 马上会感到警觉。

这好像一种“膝跳反应”,会引发一种瞬间的、反射性的敌意:“只要是共产党,就都是坏的”。但如果这就是你的观点,你是根本不可能与中国打交道的,你不可能在中国居住和做生意。如果你的意识形态是,永远不和任何一个共产党人打交道,那从一开始你就排除了任何与中国接触的可能。

问题五:去年你的一封涉及新华裔移民的公开信引发争议。回头看你觉得哪里出了问题?

吴华扬:
我想借此机会明确声明,我欢迎和尊重所有华人新移民。我在信中批评的不是新移民,而是那些对新移民过于苛责和排斥新移民的部分老移民。我刚才在演讲中谈到翻译引起的误解,不得不说,即便是我自己,也碰到了翻译引发的误解。这更说明尽力沟通,消除误解的重要。

问题六:华人如何融入美国社会?

吴华扬:
我的答案是这样,我经常被问到这个问题,中国学生、年轻华裔等等都会这么问我。我总会反问他们一个问题,你都和谁一起吃午饭?知道他们的答案吗?他们总是和同样来自清华、北大的朋友,或者自己高科技公司里的同事一起。因为对他们来说,这样一个“朋友圈”已经够大了。他们不和白人、黑人、拉丁裔,甚至印度人一起吃饭。

所以我坦白讲,如果你只和中国人一起吃饭,你不可能执掌一家财富五百强公司,你也不够格。你必须要学会和不同人打交道,学会和不同背景的人共事,不仅仅在美国,在任何地方都是一样。
 
由版主最后编辑:
在加拿大的华裔,也一样。
 
很正常
你在中国看到一老黑和街边大妈说这式个中国人,看你能被喷死不
 
海华文化最酱缸,自己内杠。
应该的。一个代表自由党,一个代表保守党或者魁毒,这种"内斗"还是振奋人心的。
 
海华还真是复杂。以为自己是根葱。贸易战,跟你没关系。搞清这一点至关重要。两大国下棋,海华看热闹就得了,自己非要往枪口上撞?二儿文一篇。

海华,希望中国好,因为亲戚朋友在那里。海华希望自己的国家好,因为自己的家在这里。希望美国好,因为迄今为止,美国依然是世界的旗舰。

很简单。没矛盾。中加冲突,中美矛盾。那是应当应份的。

中国,为了自己的高科技湾道超车。没褒贬。支持。whynot。国家举措,为国民争取未来的先机。虽然手段不一定就是最好的,时机略显不妥。虽然目的不一定高达上,但是,谁不愿意争先?赞。
加拿大,二逼外交,业余水准,不为国不为民,专门为了高达上的政治正确,有不敢得罪右转的美国,左右不逢源。怒其不争,不专业。骂。此为爱加拿大的表现。
美国右派,率先从中国的一度的做小服低的姿态中看到了危机,将美国从中国温水中惊醒。为了美国国民,与中国撕破脸开干。虽然晚了点,但是,比继续在迷蒙中被超越,继续只顾政治正确自慰,要强上百倍。赞!

海华不管你是如何自处,肯定会受到冲击。大时代下,你做中加,中美的生意,还指望不受到冲击?你俩头赚着money,赚着名誉,还指望能够继续?
但是不直接利益相关,你过你的日子。操心也没必要。

你做透彻的中国人,人家也不会拿你怎样。毕竟不是纳粹德国。
你做透彻的加拿大人,人家也不会就拿你当本地人,移民相当本地人,不太现实。
 
歧视是存在的,程度有区别。渥太华很多华人也能进政府上班,你能想象一下在中国大量的黑人操着半生不熟的汉语给中国政府工作?并且上班期间大量发帖去讥讽给自己发工资的中国政府?
 
我在这里也批评一下海外华人。
某些华人加入了外国籍,但心里根本不把自己当成外国人。
比如本论坛很多加拿大籍华人,虽然拿着加拿大护照,但却根本不站在加拿大的角度上来思考问题。
当中加之间出现矛盾的时候,他们依然是站在中国人的角度上在思考问题。他们心里依然是把加拿大人当外人,把中国人当成同胞。

就这种内奸,人家白人不歧视你才怪呢。

种族不重要,国籍才重要。当你加入加拿大国籍的时候,你心里就必须把中国当成外国,把加拿大当成祖国。如果做不到这一点,就不应该违心的宣誓入籍。假设未来中加开战,你必须帮助加拿大军队杀中国人,如果不这么做就是叛国。

凡事应该冷静客观点,不能一味的抬高或者贬低一个国家,选择在加拿大生活,应该努力成为它的一员,对第一代很难,但我们可以创造条件,让孩子们能更好的在这里生活。加拿大对多元文化是支持的,中文学校,图书馆的中文图书,都是非常好的!

中国有中国的问题,加拿大有加拿大的问题!海外华人,应该是和平友好的使者。
 
我明白,你的意思,你说的是对的。

但我强调的是国族认同的问题。宣誓入籍之后就要把自己当成加拿大人,如果自己做不到这一点,拿了加拿大护照之后还把自己当成中国人,那么这种内奸被白人歧视也是活该。

我最后讲的开战是非常极端的说法,但如果真的发生了, 加拿大籍华人也应该帮助加拿大打中国。艾森豪威尔、尼米兹、巴顿都是德国裔,但他们打希特勒一点都不手软。

其实我对海外华人也有点失望,嘴上抱怨的人太多了,真的付出行动的实在是太少。很多华人都抱怨加拿大政府的低效和无能,但站出来改变的人太少了。比如渥太华去年市政府的选举中,华人的市议员候选人只有一位,而且也只能了一百多票。华人虽然是人数最多的有色人种,但议员的比例明显小于人口比例,这点上华人要向印度人学习。

日裔美人在二战时的待遇就是今后如果真是中美/中加开战后美华/加华的待遇。。。不知道到时候哪个CFCER会成为集中营里的李大安。

https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/
World War II: Internment of Japanese Americans


Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, authorizing the secretary of war to designate military zones within the U.S. from which "any or all persons may be excluded." The order was not targeted at any specific group, but it became the basis for the mass relocation and internment of some 110,000 Americans of Japanese ancestry, including both citizens and non-citizens of the United States. In March 1942, Lieutenant General John L. DeWitt, commander of the U.S. Army Western Defense Command established a massive exclusion zone along the west coast and demanded that all persons of Japanese ancestry report to civilian assembly centers. On short notice, thousands were forced to close businesses, abandon farms and homes, and move into remote internment camps, also called relocation centers. Some of the detainees were repatriated to Japan, and others moved eastward to other parts of the U.S. outside of the exclusion zones. A number even enlisted with the U.S. Army. But most simply endured their internment in frustrated resignation. In January 1944, a Supreme Court ruling halted the detention of U.S. citizens without cause, and the exclusion order was rescinded, and the Japanese Americans began to leave the camps, most returning home to rebuild their former lives. The last camp closed in 1946, and by the end of the 20th century the U.S. government had paid $1.6 billion in reparations to detainees and their descendants. See also color film of the camps in our video channel. (This entry is Part 10 of a weekly 20-part retrospective of World War II)
HINTS: View this page full screen. Skip to the next and previous photo by typing j/k or ←/→.
  • Tom Kobayashi stands in the south fields of the Manzanar Relocation Center, at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, in California's Owens Valley, in 1943. Famed photographer Ansel Adams traveled to Manzanar in 1943 to document the Relocation Center and the Japanese Americans interned there. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    This store owned by a man of Japanese ancestry is closed following evacuation orders in Oakland, California, in April of 1942. After the attack on Pearl Harbor the owner had placed the "I Am An American" sign in the store front window. #

    AP Photo/ Dorothea Lange
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    Two plainclothes men, left, watch as Japanese aliens are removed from their homes on Terminal Island, a vital Naval and Shipbuilding center in Los Angeles, California, on February 3, 1942. Some 400 male Japanese aliens -- Terminal Island residents -- were rounded up early on February 2 by 180 federal, city and county officers. #

    AP Photo/Ira W. Guldner
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    On a brick wall beside an air raid shelter poster, exclusion orders were posted at First and Front Streets in San Francisco, California, directing the removal of persons of Japanese ancestry from the first part of San Francisco to be affected by the evacuation. The order was issued April 1, 1942, by Lieutenant General J.L. DeWitt, and directed evacuation from this section by noon on April 7, 1942. #

    NARA
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    Japanese heads of family and persons living alone form a line outside Civil Control Station located in the Japanese American Citizens League Auditorium in San Francisco, California, to appear for "processing" in response to Civilian Exclusion Order Number 20, on April 25, 1942 #

    NARA
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    How the evacuation of Japanese from Seattle would affect a second grade class in a local school is shown in these two views in Seattle, Washington, on March 27, 1942. At the top is a crowded classroom with many Japanese pupils and at the bottom is the same class without the Japanese students. #

    AP Photo

  • A farmhouse in a rural section of Mountain View, California, where farmers of Japanese ancestry raised market garden crops. Evacuees from this and other military areas were later moved to War Relocation Authority centers. #

    NARA

  • Many evacuated children attended Raphael Weill Public School, in San Francisco, California. Rachel Karumi, photographed here in 1942, will be among them. #

    NARA
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    A farewell letter posted in a window of T.Z. Shiota, an importer in San Francisco's Chinatown, in April of 1942, prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry. The final paragraph reads: "At this hour of evacuation when the innocents suffer with the bad, we bid you, dear friends of ours, with the words of beloved Shakespeare, 'PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW'." #

    NARA
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    Two friends play one final game while awaiting evacuation, in San Francisco, California, in early 1942. #

    NARA
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    View of a business district on Post Street in a San Francisco neighborhood occupied by residents of Japanese ancestry, before evacuation, in 1942. View this same intersection as it appears today in this Google Maps Street View. #

    NARA
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    A soldier and his mother in a strawberry field near Florin, California, on May 11, 1942. The soldier, age 23, had volunteered for the Army on July 10, 1941, and was stationed at Camp Leonard Wood, Missouri. He was furloughed to help his mother and family prepare for their evacuation. He is the youngest of six children, two of them volunteers in United States Army. The mother, age 53, came from Japan 37 years ago. Her husband died 21 years ago, leaving her to raise six children. She worked in a strawberry basket factory until last year when her children leased three acres of strawberries "so she wouldn't have to work for somebody else". #

    NARA
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    Persons of Japanese ancestry from San Pedro, California, arrive at the Santa Anita Assembly center in Arcadia, California, in 1942. Evacuees lived at this center at the Santa Anita race track before being moved inland to other relocation centers. #

    NARA
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    A scene during one of many transfers of Japanese American evacuees from Assembly Centers to War Relocation Centers in 1942. #

    LOC
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    Japanese Americans are being vaccinated by fellow evacuees upon arrival at the Assembly center in Arcadia, California, in 1942. #

    NARA

  • A Japanese farmer and his daughter view the strawberry farm they must leave on Bainbridge Island, in Washington, on March 23, 1942. #

    LOC
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    A crowd of onlookers in Seattle jam an overhead walk to witness the mass evacuation of Japanese from Bainbridge Island, Washington, on March 30, 1942. Somewhat bewildered, but not protesting, some 225 Japanese men, women and children were taken by ferry, bus and train to California internment camps. The evacuation was carried out by the U.S. Army. #

    AP Photo

  • This bus, bringing evacuees of Japanese ancestry to the Colorado River War Relocation Authority center, has become sand-bound near its destination, near Poston, Arizona in 1942. #

    NARA
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    Evacuees of Japanese ancestry were not permitted to use their automobiles at War Relocation Authority centers. Cars brought to this camp, the Manzanar Relocation Center in California, have been impounded for the duration. Photo taken on April 2, 1942. #

    NARA
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    The Santa Anita Park race track is converted into an internment camp for evacuated Japanese Americans who will occupy the barracks erected in background in Arcadia, California. Photo taken on April 3, 1942. #

    AP Photo

  • Salinas, California, 1942. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry identify their luggage at this Assembly center, prior to their transfer to a War Relocation Authority center. #

    NARA
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    Japanese Americans removed from their Los Angeles homes line up at Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on March 23, 1942, for their first meal after arrival at the camp. Rice, Beans, Prunes, and bread were included in the menu. #

    AP Photo
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    In the Manzanar Relocation Center, in 1943, pictures and mementos sit on top of a radio in the Yonemitsu home. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    Women pose outside the barber shop in the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC

  • A wide view of the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC
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    Japanese American farm workers at the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC

  • Portraits of evacuees housed in the Manzanar Relocation Center in California, taken by Ansel Adams in 1943. Clockwise, from top left: Mrs. Kay Kageyama, Toyo Miyatake (Photographer), Miss Tetsuko Murakami, Mori Nakashima, Joyce Yuki Nakamura (eldest daughter), Corporal Jimmy Shohara, Aiko Hamaguchi (Nurse), Yoshio Muramoto, (electrician). At its peak, more than 10,000 Japanese Americans were held in Manzanar. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    Four young evacuees from Sacramento, California, read comic books at the newsstand in the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California, on July 1, 1942. #

    NARA

  • Japanese American evacuees make camouflage nets for the War Department in the Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on July 1, 1942. #

    NARA
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    A dust storm hits Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on July 3, 1942. #

    Dorothea Lange/NARA
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    These 48 Japanese Americans from the Granada Relocation Center near Lamar, Colorado, reported for preinduction physical examinations at the Denver Induction Station, on February 22, 1944. #

    AP Photo

  • A crew of evacuee farmers at work on a semi-automatic-feeding, rotary potato planter, on July 1, 1945, at the Tule Lake Relocation Center in Newell, California. #

    NARA
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    Cameramen from a San Francisco newspaper photograph potato planting on May 26, 1943, at the Tule Lake Relocation Center. #

    NARA

  • A street scene at the Manzanar Relocation Center, winter, 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    Artist C.T. Hibino, at the Manzanar Relocation Center, in 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC

  • Calisthenics at the Manzanar War Relocation Center, in 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC

  • Japanese Americans removed from their Los Angeles homes attend a dance at the government's camp at Manzanar, California, on March 23, 1942. #

    AP Photo
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    A referee in traditional dress watches over a Sumo wrestling match in front of Japanese-Americans interned at Santa Anita, California. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Nursery school children play with a scale model of their barracks at the Tule Lake Relocation Center, Newell, California, on September 11, 1942. #

    NARA
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    A funeral is held for James Wakasa at the Topaz Relocation Center in, Utah, on April 19, 1943. A military policeman shot and killed James Wakasa near Topaz's barbed wire fence on April 11, 1943. Fellow evacuees protested the shooting and demanded the right to hold a public funeral on the spot where Wakasa was shot. The soldier who shot Wakasa was court-martialed, and later found "not guilty". #

    NARA

  • After the orders to relocate and detain persons of Japanese ancestry were rescinded, evacuees began returning home, and camps began to close. Here, Shuichi Yamamoto, the last evacuee to leave the Granada Relocation Center, in Amache, Colorado, says "Goodbye" to Project Director James G. Lindley, as the War Relocation Authority camp is officially closed October 15, 1945. Mr. Yamamoto, 65 years of age, was returning to his former home in Marysville, California. #

    NARA
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    Roaring into Sacramento on Monday morning, July 30, 1945, a special train of seven cars brought some 450 Japanese American residents of California back to their homes after staying over three years at the Rohwer Center of the War Relocation Authority, in McGehee, Arkansas. #

    Hikaru Iwasaki/LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    A crowd of Japanese Americans stand behind a barbed wire fence waving to departing friends on train leaving Santa Anita, California. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    A Japanese family returning home from a relocation center camp in Hunt, Idaho, found their home and garage vandalized with anti-Japanese graffiti and broken windows in Seattle, Washington, on May 10, 1945. #

    AP Photo

  • Evacuees from Arizona's Poston War Relocation Center stand in line before the departure station where they received ration books and bus tickets home in September of 1945. #

    NARA
 
日裔美人在二战时的待遇就是今后如果真是中美/中加开战后美华/加华的待遇。。。不知道到时候哪个CFCER会成为集中营里的李大安。

https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2011/08/world-war-ii-internment-of-japanese-americans/100132/
World War II: Internment of Japanese Americans


Shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, authorizing the secretary of war to designate military zones within the U.S. from which "any or all persons may be excluded." The order was not targeted at any specific group, but it became the basis for the mass relocation and internment of some 110,000 Americans of Japanese ancestry, including both citizens and non-citizens of the United States. In March 1942, Lieutenant General John L. DeWitt, commander of the U.S. Army Western Defense Command established a massive exclusion zone along the west coast and demanded that all persons of Japanese ancestry report to civilian assembly centers. On short notice, thousands were forced to close businesses, abandon farms and homes, and move into remote internment camps, also called relocation centers. Some of the detainees were repatriated to Japan, and others moved eastward to other parts of the U.S. outside of the exclusion zones. A number even enlisted with the U.S. Army. But most simply endured their internment in frustrated resignation. In January 1944, a Supreme Court ruling halted the detention of U.S. citizens without cause, and the exclusion order was rescinded, and the Japanese Americans began to leave the camps, most returning home to rebuild their former lives. The last camp closed in 1946, and by the end of the 20th century the U.S. government had paid $1.6 billion in reparations to detainees and their descendants. See also color film of the camps in our video channel. (This entry is Part 10 of a weekly 20-part retrospective of World War II)
HINTS: View this page full screen. Skip to the next and previous photo by typing j/k or ←/→.
  • Tom Kobayashi stands in the south fields of the Manzanar Relocation Center, at the foot of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, in California's Owens Valley, in 1943. Famed photographer Ansel Adams traveled to Manzanar in 1943 to document the Relocation Center and the Japanese Americans interned there. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    This store owned by a man of Japanese ancestry is closed following evacuation orders in Oakland, California, in April of 1942. After the attack on Pearl Harbor the owner had placed the "I Am An American" sign in the store front window. #

    AP Photo/ Dorothea Lange
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    Two plainclothes men, left, watch as Japanese aliens are removed from their homes on Terminal Island, a vital Naval and Shipbuilding center in Los Angeles, California, on February 3, 1942. Some 400 male Japanese aliens -- Terminal Island residents -- were rounded up early on February 2 by 180 federal, city and county officers. #

    AP Photo/Ira W. Guldner
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    On a brick wall beside an air raid shelter poster, exclusion orders were posted at First and Front Streets in San Francisco, California, directing the removal of persons of Japanese ancestry from the first part of San Francisco to be affected by the evacuation. The order was issued April 1, 1942, by Lieutenant General J.L. DeWitt, and directed evacuation from this section by noon on April 7, 1942. #

    NARA
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    Japanese heads of family and persons living alone form a line outside Civil Control Station located in the Japanese American Citizens League Auditorium in San Francisco, California, to appear for "processing" in response to Civilian Exclusion Order Number 20, on April 25, 1942 #

    NARA
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    How the evacuation of Japanese from Seattle would affect a second grade class in a local school is shown in these two views in Seattle, Washington, on March 27, 1942. At the top is a crowded classroom with many Japanese pupils and at the bottom is the same class without the Japanese students. #

    AP Photo

  • A farmhouse in a rural section of Mountain View, California, where farmers of Japanese ancestry raised market garden crops. Evacuees from this and other military areas were later moved to War Relocation Authority centers. #

    NARA

  • Many evacuated children attended Raphael Weill Public School, in San Francisco, California. Rachel Karumi, photographed here in 1942, will be among them. #

    NARA
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    A farewell letter posted in a window of T.Z. Shiota, an importer in San Francisco's Chinatown, in April of 1942, prior to evacuation of residents of Japanese ancestry. The final paragraph reads: "At this hour of evacuation when the innocents suffer with the bad, we bid you, dear friends of ours, with the words of beloved Shakespeare, 'PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW'." #

    NARA
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    Two friends play one final game while awaiting evacuation, in San Francisco, California, in early 1942. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    View of a business district on Post Street in a San Francisco neighborhood occupied by residents of Japanese ancestry, before evacuation, in 1942. View this same intersection as it appears today in this Google Maps Street View. #

    NARA
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    A soldier and his mother in a strawberry field near Florin, California, on May 11, 1942. The soldier, age 23, had volunteered for the Army on July 10, 1941, and was stationed at Camp Leonard Wood, Missouri. He was furloughed to help his mother and family prepare for their evacuation. He is the youngest of six children, two of them volunteers in United States Army. The mother, age 53, came from Japan 37 years ago. Her husband died 21 years ago, leaving her to raise six children. She worked in a strawberry basket factory until last year when her children leased three acres of strawberries "so she wouldn't have to work for somebody else". #

    NARA
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    Persons of Japanese ancestry from San Pedro, California, arrive at the Santa Anita Assembly center in Arcadia, California, in 1942. Evacuees lived at this center at the Santa Anita race track before being moved inland to other relocation centers. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    A scene during one of many transfers of Japanese American evacuees from Assembly Centers to War Relocation Centers in 1942. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Japanese Americans are being vaccinated by fellow evacuees upon arrival at the Assembly center in Arcadia, California, in 1942. #

    NARA

  • A Japanese farmer and his daughter view the strawberry farm they must leave on Bainbridge Island, in Washington, on March 23, 1942. #

    LOC
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    A crowd of onlookers in Seattle jam an overhead walk to witness the mass evacuation of Japanese from Bainbridge Island, Washington, on March 30, 1942. Somewhat bewildered, but not protesting, some 225 Japanese men, women and children were taken by ferry, bus and train to California internment camps. The evacuation was carried out by the U.S. Army. #

    AP Photo

  • This bus, bringing evacuees of Japanese ancestry to the Colorado River War Relocation Authority center, has become sand-bound near its destination, near Poston, Arizona in 1942. #

    NARA
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    Evacuees of Japanese ancestry were not permitted to use their automobiles at War Relocation Authority centers. Cars brought to this camp, the Manzanar Relocation Center in California, have been impounded for the duration. Photo taken on April 2, 1942. #

    NARA
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    The Santa Anita Park race track is converted into an internment camp for evacuated Japanese Americans who will occupy the barracks erected in background in Arcadia, California. Photo taken on April 3, 1942. #

    AP Photo

  • Salinas, California, 1942. Evacuees of Japanese ancestry identify their luggage at this Assembly center, prior to their transfer to a War Relocation Authority center. #

    NARA
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    Japanese Americans removed from their Los Angeles homes line up at Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on March 23, 1942, for their first meal after arrival at the camp. Rice, Beans, Prunes, and bread were included in the menu. #

    AP Photo
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    In the Manzanar Relocation Center, in 1943, pictures and mementos sit on top of a radio in the Yonemitsu home. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
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    Women pose outside the barber shop in the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC

  • A wide view of the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Japanese American farm workers at the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California. Photo taken in 1942 or 1943. #

    LOC

  • Portraits of evacuees housed in the Manzanar Relocation Center in California, taken by Ansel Adams in 1943. Clockwise, from top left: Mrs. Kay Kageyama, Toyo Miyatake (Photographer), Miss Tetsuko Murakami, Mori Nakashima, Joyce Yuki Nakamura (eldest daughter), Corporal Jimmy Shohara, Aiko Hamaguchi (Nurse), Yoshio Muramoto, (electrician). At its peak, more than 10,000 Japanese Americans were held in Manzanar. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Four young evacuees from Sacramento, California, read comic books at the newsstand in the Tule Lake Relocation Center, in Newell, California, on July 1, 1942. #

    NARA

  • Japanese American evacuees make camouflage nets for the War Department in the Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on July 1, 1942. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    A dust storm hits Manzanar Relocation Center, in California, on July 3, 1942. #

    Dorothea Lange/NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    These 48 Japanese Americans from the Granada Relocation Center near Lamar, Colorado, reported for preinduction physical examinations at the Denver Induction Station, on February 22, 1944. #

    AP Photo

  • A crew of evacuee farmers at work on a semi-automatic-feeding, rotary potato planter, on July 1, 1945, at the Tule Lake Relocation Center in Newell, California. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    Cameramen from a San Francisco newspaper photograph potato planting on May 26, 1943, at the Tule Lake Relocation Center. #

    NARA

  • A street scene at the Manzanar Relocation Center, winter, 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Artist C.T. Hibino, at the Manzanar Relocation Center, in 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC

  • Calisthenics at the Manzanar War Relocation Center, in 1943. #

    Ansel Adams/LOC

  • Japanese Americans removed from their Los Angeles homes attend a dance at the government's camp at Manzanar, California, on March 23, 1942. #

    AP Photo
  • main_900.jpg

    A referee in traditional dress watches over a Sumo wrestling match in front of Japanese-Americans interned at Santa Anita, California. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    Nursery school children play with a scale model of their barracks at the Tule Lake Relocation Center, Newell, California, on September 11, 1942. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    A funeral is held for James Wakasa at the Topaz Relocation Center in, Utah, on April 19, 1943. A military policeman shot and killed James Wakasa near Topaz's barbed wire fence on April 11, 1943. Fellow evacuees protested the shooting and demanded the right to hold a public funeral on the spot where Wakasa was shot. The soldier who shot Wakasa was court-martialed, and later found "not guilty". #

    NARA

  • After the orders to relocate and detain persons of Japanese ancestry were rescinded, evacuees began returning home, and camps began to close. Here, Shuichi Yamamoto, the last evacuee to leave the Granada Relocation Center, in Amache, Colorado, says "Goodbye" to Project Director James G. Lindley, as the War Relocation Authority camp is officially closed October 15, 1945. Mr. Yamamoto, 65 years of age, was returning to his former home in Marysville, California. #

    NARA
  • main_900.jpg

    Roaring into Sacramento on Monday morning, July 30, 1945, a special train of seven cars brought some 450 Japanese American residents of California back to their homes after staying over three years at the Rohwer Center of the War Relocation Authority, in McGehee, Arkansas. #

    Hikaru Iwasaki/LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    A crowd of Japanese Americans stand behind a barbed wire fence waving to departing friends on train leaving Santa Anita, California. #

    LOC
  • main_900.jpg

    A Japanese family returning home from a relocation center camp in Hunt, Idaho, found their home and garage vandalized with anti-Japanese graffiti and broken windows in Seattle, Washington, on May 10, 1945. #

    AP Photo

  • Evacuees from Arizona's Poston War Relocation Center stand in line before the departure station where they received ration books and bus tickets home in September of 1945. #

    NARA

我仔细考虑过此事。时代不同了,如果中加开战,我觉得当年美国对日裔人士的做法在加拿大不会出现。当然,不能排除加拿大政府根据多年来掌握的材料,包括从CFC等中文网站上积累的证据,把仇恨加拿大,仇恨民主制度的华裔人士控制起来,以免他们在战争环境下搞破坏。

退一万步讲,如果政府发现这类人太多,无法及时把他们全部鉴别出来,也不能完全排除把所有华裔人士控制起来,或者先控制再进行鉴别的可能性。如果受自己同胞牵连,出现这一情况,也能理解,只有坦然面对。
 
越战韩战没集中营是因为米国人跑到别的国家去打。二战是日本人跑米国去炸。
 
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反馈: jy
以前天朝舆论充斥反思自醒和自保。这几年天朝舆论很激进傲视群雄。
Never say never
 
到那时候,国会通过一个《反共爱国法案》(Anit-Communist Patriot Act)就可以了,把亲共的华人合法的监视居住或者软禁起来。

这可能是一个比较合理,公正的做法。可问题是如何从众多华人中鉴别出亲共者。如果政府的反间谍和国家安全部门早就有准备,知道谁是对象,那很简单,通过一个法律然后采取行动就行了。可如果政府无法准确鉴别,可又明明知道华人中有一定数量的此类人存在,那政府能怎么办?
 
这可能是一个比较合理,公正的做法。可问题是如何从众多华人中鉴别出亲共者。如果政府的反间谍和国家安全部门早就有准备,知道谁是对象,那很简单,通过一个法律然后采取行动就行了。可如果政府无法准确鉴别,可又明明知道华人中有一定数量的此类人存在,那政府能怎么办?
难度的确比较大
 
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