The categories of medicines that you should have in your home pharmacy:
Pain and fever medications: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) in both adult and child strengths (if you have children). If you have an infant, you may need infant strengths as well. Remember that ibuprofen also has anti-inflammatory properties.
Antiseptic solutions: Cuts and wounds should be carefully cleansed, so your pharmacy should have hydrogen peroxide, Betadine solution, or equivalent.
Topical Antibiotics: Your choice. They come in both ointments (greasy, but protective) and creams (rubs in easily) and all are considered equally efficacious for the prevention and treatment of minor skin infections. Some topical antibiotics are better for burns — you should have a burn ointment in your cabinet.
Hydrocortisone: This topical steroid is also available in creams and ointments. Used for itching, treating mosquito bites, etc.
Antifungal medications: Use for Athlete’s feet or fungal diaper rashes. If the woman in the house is prone to occasional vaginal yeast infections, some miconazole (Monistat) is nice to have available.
Stomach and Intestinal Disorders: Include a good stool softener, such as Colace (docusate sodium), or a mild laxative such as Milk of Magnesia. I do not routinely treat minor diarrhea, but having Kaopectate or even Pepto-Bismol at home would be helpful. Over-the-counter Tagamet (cimetidine) or Prilosec (omeprazole) would be appropriate to include, along with Maalox or Mylanta.
Salt: You can get this from the kitchen, but making your own saline (1/4 tsp of salt to 8 oz of water) can be used for gargling or homemade nasal spray/drops.
Antihistamines: Drying up a watery nose or controlling itchy allergies. Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is the most common, but it can be sedating. Claritin (loratadine) lasts longer (24 hours) and is considered non-sedating. Both are available in both adult and children formulations.
Decongestants: Medications containing pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) or phenylephrine are for stuffy/congested noses. They can be stimulating and may interfere with sleep. Decongestants also drain mucous, so taking them at night is going to cause a river of drainage. It is best to do this during the day when you can blow your nose.
Cough medicines: There are two types: expectorants (makes you cough by loosening mucous), and suppressants (controls or reduces coughing). It is important to know your goal when you select one. Guaifenesen (Mucinex) is a mucous-thinning expectorant. Plain Robitussin is a cough expectorant. Medicines that contain dextromethorphan (DM), such as Delsym, can suppress a cough. Combination medicines, like Robitussin DM, have both an expectorant and a suppressant — sort of makes you cough and tries to stop it at the same time! Coughing is a NORMAL bodily response to clear the airway, so it does not necessarily need to be controlled, but having a quiet, comfortable night is okay.
Miscellaneous: Band-aids (all types, including finger tip ones), gauze dressings, Telfa (non-stick) pads, paper tape, and other dressings are always needed.
几大类家庭必备的西药(非处方)