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避川普加關稅 本田Civic放棄墨西哥、移至印第安納生產 | 聯合新聞網
日本汽車巨頭本田(Honda)決定將旗下最受歡迎的車種喜美(Civic)的下一代油電混合車型生產,從原定的墨西哥移到美國...

那在美国建厂的厂商,在关税结束后,如何应付高成本的劳工和运行?也许洗衣机厂,比汽车厂容易继续转移?
Imports did decline. Washing machine imports fell by about 33% the first year the tariffs were in effect and stayed below pre-tariff levels through 2022. During that time, Samsung began producing washing machines at a US factory in South Carolina, and LG opened a plant in Tennessee. Whirlpool also increased domestic production and hired more workers. All told, new domestic production may have accounted for between 1,700 and 2,000 new jobs.
When the washing machine tariffs expired in 2023, prices promptly fell. From February 2023 to February 2024, laundry equipment prices dropped by 11%, while overall inflation rose by 3% and appliances overall fell by 5.1%. Imports rose in 2023, surpassing pre-tariff levels.
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The net effect today is that the price of laundry equipment has changed by almost exactly the same amount as for appliances overall. Each is up about 15%. But laundry machine prices were more volatile, rising by a lot and then falling by a lot, whereas the cost of most other appliances rose gradually.
Industry spokespeople claim the Trump tariffs had “no sustained effect” on washing machine prices. But that’s only true because prices dropped when the tariffs expired. Anybody who bought a washer or dryer between February 2018 and February 2023 paid considerably more than they would have, absent the tariffs.
Was this a good deal for the US economy? “The tariffs did help US businesses, add jobs, and generate some tariff revenue. Those are the pluses,” said Felix Tintelnot, a Duke University economist who co-authored a 2019 study on the effects of the washing machine tariffs. “The minuses are that the costs largely fell on consumers.”
The 2019 study found the net annual cost to consumers for each new job created by the tariffs was about $815,000. That’s extraordinarily high. The average cost per job for subsidies such as state or local tax breaks meant to lure businesses typically ranges from $50,000 to $100,000. In 2017, Wisconsin announced a huge set of incentives to lure electronics giant Foxconn to the state, with a cost as high as $290,000 per job created. But taxpayers pushed back and the deal shrank dramatically. Today, Foxconn has just limited operations in the state.
实际上川普以前干过一票,等于美国民众花了10亿美元买了2000左右工作,关税一取消,价格就下降,每个工作美国消费者花了$815,000