精华 渥村居民赴美工作指南

胡说之

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Version 2.1

Intended audience:
This document is intended to IT professionals:
• with Canadian Citizenship
• live in Ottawa area
• passed the job interview
• want to work in US

You need to apply TN-1 Professional Work Visa in order to work in US.

Resource link:
Canada to US TN-1 Professional Work Visa
http://www.visalottery.com/tn1.html
http://www.topechelon.com/recruiters/contracting/tn1_visa.htm
FAQ: http://www.grasmick.com/canimfaq.htm

1. Job offer:

The job offer must include following information:
Terms of the job, start and end date:
The job should be temporary, usually less than three years. It can be extended without limitation.
Job Title:
IT related jobs fall into the category of “Computer Systems Analyst”. Always ask your employer to give you this title, not “Developer”, nor “Engineer”. The requirement of CSA is the lowest ? B.S. or 3 year college or 4 year university certificate, with at least 3 years working experience.
Job description: put more detail in this section, do not use generic terms; must be fulltime, i.e. at least 40 hours per week.
Salary: must be higher than flipping burgers in MacDonald’s.

The employer also should provide a letter addressed to “US Customs and Border Protection”, with all the mandatory information mentioned above.

2. Evaluation of Diploma

If you get your diploma from a school in Canada, Mexico or US, you can skip this section.

All foreign academic diploma should be evaluated, you must present the evaluation document to the US Customs official when apply TN-1. Even if you get the diploma from world famous school like Cambridge or Oxford, by law it is still foreign. My suggestion is: don’t take chance, get the evaluation done.

Your specialty in the diploma must be related to the field of your job, in another words, you can not work as Oracle Designer with PHD of Biology.

There are many evaluation agencies can do the job, I recommend “International Credential Assessment Service of Canada” because it has local office in Ottawa. It will save you time and money on the process.

International Credential Assessment Service of Canada
www.icascanada.ca

Its local office, should be the local agency in Ottawa, is called “Action 2000”. In fact it’s a job searching assisting organization sponsored by HRDC.

You must provide original and notarized copy of diploma and transcripts. Notarized documents from China usually include English translation, which is acceptable here.

Action 2000 Employment Services
www.action2000.net
151 Slater St
Ottawa ON
613-236-6111

Although Action 2000 charges big bucks for doing the job, you can’t get the service without prior referral from “Northern Lights”, which is another job searching assisting firm taking money from HRDC. (Now we understand why Canadian government tax us so heavily)

Northern Lights Vocational Services
Ottawa East Employment Assessment Centre:
1980 Ogilvie Road, Unit #203
Gloucester Shopping Centre,
Ottawa ON K1J 9L3
613-688-3670
Ottawa West Employment Assessment Centre:
1545 Carling Avenue, Suite 210
Ottawa ON K1Z 8P9
613-688-2147

If you never deal with Northern Lights before, you need to make appointment to set up your profile there. If you’re lucky, you can meet a case manager in 2 business days. Bring your resume. Afterwards, the case manager will phone Action 2000 to refer you for evaluation.

If you have been to Northern Lights before, they may still keep your profile. In this case, you don’t have to meet your case manager again, just phone him/her to refer you to Action 2000.

3. Apply Visa on the border

What documents you should bring:
• Job offer from your US employer
• The letter from your US employer addressed to “US Customs and Border Protection”
• Original copy/English transalation of Diploma and evaluation paper.
• Other supporting documents (transcripts, etc. The customs official may not ask for it, but if he/she does, you’d better get something handy)
• Canadian Passport
• Other Photo ID (Driving license etc.)
• Address/telephone number of your US employer
• Address where you are going to stay
• US$50 for TN visa
• US$6 for I-94 card (multi-entry record)

You should apply TN visa from the US Customs office, not the Embassy. There’s one US Customs office in Ottawa Airport, but you need to have a flight ticket and check in first. If anything was wrong, you were not lucky, got rejected, it’d be very troublesome to return/reschedule the flight ticket, therefore applying TN from the border is what most people do. Safty 1st.

US customs office taking care of TN application from Ottawa-Carleton county is located in Ogdensburg, NY. It is open 7 days a week.
http://www.ogdensport.com/bridge.htm

Driving Direction from Ottawa:
Take Highway 416 south, when close to Exit 1, follow the road sign “To USA”.

You need to pay toll fee of US$2 after crossing the bridge, and another $2 when get back. Easy money for the Americans.

Tell the US customs official that you are there to apply TN, then follow up their instructions. Those folks are friendly and patient, take it easy. Good luck!

FAQ:
1 Could I go to the Border on weekends to get TN Visa?
Yes.

2 Permanent position 可申请TN吗?
Permanet Position 可以申请TN,但是TN是临时工的签证,所以HR给海关的信写得要有技巧,起止时间仍不可超过3年。

The US government extended the maximum stay of TN from one year to three years in 2008.
 
Just a few tips for getting the TN visa at the US custom office:

1. Do not speak unless you are asked.
2. Try to keep your answers short and clear.
3. Avoid using technical jargons at all cost.
4. Be very very patient, the whole process could take more than 2 hours.
 
What do you need to do after getting to US

There are many American Consulting firms hiring Canadian employees working in US, while surprisingly many of them lack of proper knowledge to let their Canadian employees work legally. Therefore, you have to follow the following steps to fulfill the legitimate mandates.

1. Apply Social Security Number -- SSN

Identical to Canada’s SIN, SSN is the number you must have for employment, tax deduction and opening bank account. It’s the first thing you should apply to avoid late payment deposit.

You can download the application form and find the SSA(Social Security Administration) office near you from this link: http://www.ssa.gov/

You need to bring following original documents when you go to SSA:
• Passport with TN-1 visa and I-94 card
• Driver license
• SSN application form

You may mail out the original documents to SSA office, photo copy is not accepted. It is recommended that you go to SSA in person, cause too much trouble once the mail is lost somewhere.

2. Take Drug Test

Most of the US employers require their employees taking drug test as pre-employment condition. Prestigious employers such as Motorola pick up people randomly to take the test, drug addictives will be fired immediately.

You may get the test form coming with the job offer. Go to your employer’s designated test lab or hospital to do it, and the form will be mailed to your employer directly, who will pay the service late on.

Canadian government is thinking of legalizing marijuana, on the other side of the border people have very different practice to drug problem.

3. File “Employment Eligibility Verification”
When you received TN-1 visa on the border, the official would have given you a form named “Employment Eligibility Verification” (INS document number: OMB No. 115-0136). If you don’t have one, search google and get a softcopy in PDF.

After you finding a place to stay, i.e. you got an address in US, you can fill out this form, pack it with the photocopy of your passport and visa, send them to your employer. INS (Immigration and Naturalization Service) might audit employers hiring foreign workers.
 
听过来人说,在申请TN Visa的时候就可以申请SSN,不然要等好久。
 
Thanks very much for Mr.Hu's detailed introduction.

I have a few questions:

First of all,when you get your first job in US, you normally get it from a Head Hunt. Is your employer going to be the Head Hunt or the actual company who hires you? Who will issue the job offer in most cases?

Secondly, the first job is also normally a contract job. When you do contract job, how do you take advantage of the US taxation system? When is it the best time to apply for a self-propritership company for yourself in US? If you have such company for yourself in Canada, do you have to open a new one in US?

Lastly, is it easy to convert your Canadian driver licence to US equivalent?

Thanks in advance for your help!
 
I have another one

Speaker Hu :-)

I have another question, what I need for a interview in states if I have already get a Canadian passport

Thanks in advance!

Zhzh
 
Anything about TAX? How to we pay both sides?
 
最初由 ss8sheep 发布
Anything about TAX? How to we pay both sides?

Yes, you'd better find an accountant to handle this. Canadian government collects tax from your GLOBAL income.
 
最初由 胡说之 发布
Yes, you'd better find an accountant to handle this. Canadian government collects tax from your GLOBAL income.

No need for an accountant. Pay US tax first, then use it as tax credit when filing Canadian tax.

Be prepared for a surprise, with a $1.22 dollar, your US tax may be higher than your Canada one.
 
How about RRSP and IRA? Is it possible to make contribution to both?


最初由 Xiaomimi 发布


No need for an accountant. Pay US tax first, then use it as tax credit when filing Canadian tax.

Be prepared for a surprise, with a $1.22 dollar, your US tax may be higher than your Canada one.
 
一点补充,我的经验,挺有用:
申请SSN时用的证件,一般是加拿大护照,一定要已经签发了两年以上,如果你最近才拿到公民并取得护照,当你申请SSN的时候,别忘了带上你以前的护照,一般是中国的护照。
为了减少不必要的麻烦,在办理完TN签证后,问一下最近的办理SSN的地点,如果你是在416头上的边境办理TN签证,你很幸运,SSN OFFICE 也就一公里远。最大的好处是,你根本不用排队。
我上次去美国工作,一到公司就打听在什么地方办SSN。然后要麻烦刚认识的同事开车接送。然后排了2小时的对,才发现我的加拿大护照刚拿到几个月,不能作为有效证件。然后让老婆把中国护照快递过去,然后再麻烦同事接送,把补充证件送去。然后。。。
后来我送朋友去边境办TN,嘿。。。一次什么都搞定了。
 
最初由 Bugs Bunny 发布
一点补充,我的经验,挺有用:
申请SSN时用的证件,一般是加拿大护照,一定要已经签发了两年以上,如果你最近才拿到公民并取得护照,当你申请SSN的时候,别忘了带上你以前的护照,一般是中国的护照。
为了减少不必要的麻烦,在办理完TN签证后,问一下最近的办理SSN的地点,如果你是在416头上的边境办理TN签证,你很幸运,SSN OFFICE 也就一公里远。最大的好处是,你根本不用排队。
我上次去美国工作,一到公司就打听在什么地方办SSN。然后要麻烦刚认识的同事开车接送。然后排了2小时的对,才发现我的加拿大护照刚拿到几个月,不能作为有效证件。然后让老婆把中国护照快递过去,然后再麻烦同事接送,把补充证件送去。然后。。。
后来我送朋友去边境办TN,嘿。。。一次什么都搞定了。

两年以上-- it didn't happen to me.

BTW,according to the new law in Canada, you have to give you old (Canadian)passport back when you apply new one. I guess the SSN official made his/her own rule...
 
最初由 胡说之 发布


两年以上-- it didn't happen to me.

BTW,according to the new law in Canada, you have to give you old (Canadian)passport back when you apply new one. I guess the SSN official made his/her own rule...

如果老护照上有没过期的VISA咋办?他们也象中国那样把老护照剪个角给你吗?
 
最初由 Bugs Bunny 发布


如果老护照上有没过期的VISA咋办?他们也象中国那样把老护照剪个角给你吗?

Q1: Dunno.

Q2: They will not let you keep the old passport.
 
Does anyone know or have experience to use the "computer network system analyst" as job title to apply the TN visa? Because the job is for telecom network system,I am afraid the HR thinks "computer system analyst" is too far from the real job.
 
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