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把校车School Bus 改成 移动Workshop 【Mike教练原创，附照片】
- 主题发起人 Mike教练
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Green roofs can provide a wide range of public and private benefits, including significantly reduced fossil energy use, reduced peak runoff of roofwater, aesthetically pleasing cityscapes, longer roof life, and reduce 'heat island effects' of cities.
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不错不错～
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本墙可是知道教练为什么一直叫我，因为直到现在，还没人说不
好吧，承重的功能，或是说挨砸的事儿，舍我其谁？
问题：
第一是重量。饱和土，容重通常是在每立米两吨上下。按十公分的top soil计算（不算多，后面说），每平米的重量是二百公斤，与一般住宅中living/working area的设计楼面荷载相当（1.9kPa)，考虑人可能在上面走动，再算上一些安全系数，按2.4kPa计，不算离谱。这个荷载，相当于剧场或教室的设计荷载。
这个荷载，不能靠车顶来负担，得另搭一个棚子。棚子的强度，应该和一层的房子相当。具体的设计，可以查表。
棚子的柱子要做在混凝土基础上，基础要深及未扰动土层，以保证结构稳定、变形基本均匀。
若不用围护结构（外墙），棚子暴露在外的部分要做处理，比如用pressure treated wood。
第二，车顶和棚子的底之间要有足够的空间，以保证通风。这样车顶才不会锈，里面也凉快。这样，棚子的高度要在九尺以上了，头重脚轻，柱子的尺寸得在承重的基础上适当增加，以保证稳定。
第三，土层的厚度。教练贴的图里面，有一个给出了厚度，engineered soil, 6" to 10"。不知道图中的engineered soil是什么样，假定它比寻常的top soil轻些吧，饱和容重算1.6，六寸的土也要270kg/sq.m.。前面说了荷载的问题，这个重量显然太重。用四寸的土，也就是十公分，已经不轻了，可是从保水的角度讲，即便用六寸，还是太薄，一晒就透。如果下面没有一个sublayer来维持湿度，就得想些别的办法了，比如用sprinklers。
结论：
１、承重结构的造价不低。若用木结构，可能外观会显得厚重；
２、承重结构要考虑explose to weathering；
3、要考虑加上个irrigation system来保持草皮中的水分；
4、考虑到上面三条，造价会是个问题。
建议：
或许可以考虑vines，随便搭个架子，任它往上爬就行了，只是要在架子和车顶间留足空间，最好是做个隔离（比如加一层塑料波纹板），一是保证通风，二是别让它爬到车顶，那样会把车顶弄坏。
若种葡萄，更是一举两得。我见过渥太华有人种葡萄的。
最后声明一下，本墙历来善于做些个焚琴煮鹤的勾当。反调唱过，等着挨各位的板砖。
好吧，承重的功能，或是说挨砸的事儿，舍我其谁？
问题：
第一是重量。饱和土，容重通常是在每立米两吨上下。按十公分的top soil计算（不算多，后面说），每平米的重量是二百公斤，与一般住宅中living/working area的设计楼面荷载相当（1.9kPa)，考虑人可能在上面走动，再算上一些安全系数，按2.4kPa计，不算离谱。这个荷载，相当于剧场或教室的设计荷载。
这个荷载，不能靠车顶来负担，得另搭一个棚子。棚子的强度，应该和一层的房子相当。具体的设计，可以查表。
棚子的柱子要做在混凝土基础上，基础要深及未扰动土层，以保证结构稳定、变形基本均匀。
若不用围护结构（外墙），棚子暴露在外的部分要做处理，比如用pressure treated wood。
第二，车顶和棚子的底之间要有足够的空间，以保证通风。这样车顶才不会锈，里面也凉快。这样，棚子的高度要在九尺以上了，头重脚轻，柱子的尺寸得在承重的基础上适当增加，以保证稳定。
第三，土层的厚度。教练贴的图里面，有一个给出了厚度，engineered soil, 6" to 10"。不知道图中的engineered soil是什么样，假定它比寻常的top soil轻些吧，饱和容重算1.6，六寸的土也要270kg/sq.m.。前面说了荷载的问题，这个重量显然太重。用四寸的土，也就是十公分，已经不轻了，可是从保水的角度讲，即便用六寸，还是太薄，一晒就透。如果下面没有一个sublayer来维持湿度，就得想些别的办法了，比如用sprinklers。
结论：
１、承重结构的造价不低。若用木结构，可能外观会显得厚重；
２、承重结构要考虑explose to weathering；
3、要考虑加上个irrigation system来保持草皮中的水分；
4、考虑到上面三条，造价会是个问题。
建议：
或许可以考虑vines，随便搭个架子，任它往上爬就行了，只是要在架子和车顶间留足空间，最好是做个隔离（比如加一层塑料波纹板），一是保证通风，二是别让它爬到车顶，那样会把车顶弄坏。
若种葡萄，更是一举两得。我见过渥太华有人种葡萄的。
最后声明一下，本墙历来善于做些个焚琴煮鹤的勾当。反调唱过，等着挨各位的板砖。
- 注册
- 2007-12-11
- 消息
- 5,846
- 荣誉分数
- 1,947
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- 323
本墙可是知道教练为什么一直叫我，因为直到现在，还没人说不
好吧，承重的功能，或是说挨砸的事儿，舍我其谁？
。。。。。
结论：
１、承重结构的造价不低。若用木结构，可能外观会显得厚重；
２、承重结构要考虑explose to weathering；
3、要考虑加上个irrigation system来保持草皮中的水分；
4、考虑到上面三条，造价会是个问题。
建议：
或许可以考虑vines，随便搭个架子，任它往上爬就行了，只是要在架子和车顶间留足空间，最好是做个隔离（比如加一层塑料波纹板），一是保证通风，二是别让它爬到车顶，那样会把车顶弄坏。
若种葡萄，更是一举两得。我见过渥太华有人种葡萄的。
最后声明一下，本墙历来善于做些个焚琴煮鹤的勾当。反调唱过，等着挨各位的板砖。
一会再仔细看看。
俺不想弄个独立结构的，这样没有Grass Roof BUS 的感觉，那成了搞了个Grass Roof 的Garage了。
另外，School Bus的结构很结实：
【1】去年为了另外一个设计，车身侧面我已经切下来两个窗户宽度的车身侧面了，高度是从里面的地板开始，到车顶，整整有1.6米×1.8米，发现school bus非常非常结实；
【2】去年曾经，和另外一个朋友，为了给trailer和school bus加一层防水、保暖层，爬到过bus顶上，感觉走到上面，脚下非常结实，Bus的roof结构很结实。
个人感觉，应该能承受正常厚度的top soil+草皮。
不过，多谢基础墙提醒，再仔细确认下
如果没法承重，那就要考虑加强结构了或者可以考虑，非常薄的top soil + 管道滴渗或微灌什么的灌溉技术来保持水分了。
想在侧面搞个爬山虎之类的，很有必要的。
哪位有葡萄藤？俺买
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- 2007-12-11
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An eco-roof is a vegetated roof system that consists of lightweight soil and plants adapted to survive both the western Oregon wet winters and dry summers.
Eco-roofs reduce or eliminate runoff from roofs, and filters pollutants.
Additionally, eco-roofs provide habitat and food for insects and birds. Benefits to the building include increased insulation on the roof, mitigation building and roof temperatures, and potentially longer lifespan than traditional roofs.
Specifications:
The most important criteria in designing an eco-roof is to ensure that the structure is strong enough to support the additional wet weight of the soil and plants (approximately 10 to 25 pounds per square foot). Calculations proving that that there is adequate support are required. In general, an existing building with a gravel-rock flat roof will support 10-12 pounds per square foot.
The second most important aspect of eco-roof design is the waterproofing material. There are numerous choices, with different strengths and characteristics. Check with the product manufacturer for more information. The waterproofing layer may not be impregnated with pesticides or any other material that will leach into the stormwater system. Some waterproof membrane systems require a root barrier to prevent damage to the membrane from deep penetrating roots. Additional protection boards or materials, often a soft, fibrous material, may be required.
Most large eco-roofs will require a drainage layer to prevent ponding on the surface and to channel water to an approved conveyance system. Drainage layers can be perforated plastic sheets, thin layers or gravel, or if the roof is small or pitched, the growth medium may provide sufficient drainage. A drain must be provided that will safely drain excess runoff to an approved conveyance system.
In order to provide healthy growing conditions for the plants, the soil should be 2 to 6 inches thick of a light-weight mix of well-drained soil with organic matter and nutrients. One recommended mix is one quarter topsoil, one quarter compost, and one half pumice perlite. Vegetation to grow in this soil should be drought-tolerant, requiring little or no irrigation once established (2 years), be self-sustaining, not requiring fertilizers, pesticides, or herbicides, be very low maintenance, requiring little or no mowing, trimming, or replanting, and be able to withstand heat, cold, and high winds. Plants should be chosen that spread to thoroughly cover the soil. After 2 years, at least 90% of the surface must be covered with vegetation.
Eco-roofs reduce or eliminate runoff from roofs, and filters pollutants.
Additionally, eco-roofs provide habitat and food for insects and birds. Benefits to the building include increased insulation on the roof, mitigation building and roof temperatures, and potentially longer lifespan than traditional roofs.
Specifications:
The most important criteria in designing an eco-roof is to ensure that the structure is strong enough to support the additional wet weight of the soil and plants (approximately 10 to 25 pounds per square foot). Calculations proving that that there is adequate support are required. In general, an existing building with a gravel-rock flat roof will support 10-12 pounds per square foot.
The second most important aspect of eco-roof design is the waterproofing material. There are numerous choices, with different strengths and characteristics. Check with the product manufacturer for more information. The waterproofing layer may not be impregnated with pesticides or any other material that will leach into the stormwater system. Some waterproof membrane systems require a root barrier to prevent damage to the membrane from deep penetrating roots. Additional protection boards or materials, often a soft, fibrous material, may be required.
Most large eco-roofs will require a drainage layer to prevent ponding on the surface and to channel water to an approved conveyance system. Drainage layers can be perforated plastic sheets, thin layers or gravel, or if the roof is small or pitched, the growth medium may provide sufficient drainage. A drain must be provided that will safely drain excess runoff to an approved conveyance system.
In order to provide healthy growing conditions for the plants, the soil should be 2 to 6 inches thick of a light-weight mix of well-drained soil with organic matter and nutrients. One recommended mix is one quarter topsoil, one quarter compost, and one half pumice perlite. Vegetation to grow in this soil should be drought-tolerant, requiring little or no irrigation once established (2 years), be self-sustaining, not requiring fertilizers, pesticides, or herbicides, be very low maintenance, requiring little or no mowing, trimming, or replanting, and be able to withstand heat, cold, and high winds. Plants should be chosen that spread to thoroughly cover the soil. After 2 years, at least 90% of the surface must be covered with vegetation.
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This green roof will be the largest in Canada when complete. It's the roof of the Vancouver Convention and Exhibition Centre.
