Rather than a specific debate, feel free to comment on what I write. I am quite ignorant about China - and can certainly learn from you.
However, please avoid insults - this is not intellectually constructive.
I agree, insults are rather pointless. However, this is a sensitive issue, and the Western's double standard response to the fates of the Tibetan protesters (or mobs, as the violence some of them demonstrated were far from peaceful) who were supposedly subjugated or shot, and the fates of the innocent bystanders who were beaten and killed simply because they looked Han, have enraged many Chinese around the world. Excuse their language, but understand their feelings.
Regarding that video you posted, it is hard to tell - however given the witness accounts on Times, I would suppose that is a Tibetan (or a bunch of Tibetans) beating on a Han-Chinese.
I don't know how much you know of China, as you seem to be interested in the culture but unaware of the current state of affairs or sentiments of the general Chinese populace. I am happy, however, that you would at least quietly ask for our side of the story, a trait I simply don't see in a lot of Westerners, specifically white people. The point of that video, even though it had a lot of subjective personal emotions mixed in it, is to try to show the world what we Chinese think of the situation.
Here is a brief history from Melvyn Goldstein's book "The Snow Lion and the Dragon", summarized by myself:
Tibet had been tied to China since the Yuan dynasty, and gained its status of subordination in the Qing dynasty, as the Qing government stationed troops and sent magistrates to oversee Tibetan affairs. During the period where Qing dynasty collapse and ROC took over, Tibetan was taken back by the 13th Dalai who succeeded, briefly, in expelling all Chinese officials instated by the Qing government. However, the ROC leaders were determined to reclaim all they inherited from the Qing government, including Tibet. The ROC military presence in Tibet proved that Tibet was not able, as well as seemed reluctant to claim their independence.
Not soon after, the British India government sought to intervene because the ROC presence in Tibet had been disruptive to their rule on the Tibet-India border. The British forced the ROC and Tibet to have a conference in Simla, where the Simla convention was signed, and Tibet declared an autonomous region that had its own officials with its own customs and laws. Neither the ROC nor Tibetan representative was happy, especially on the matter of where to draw the line between political Tibet and China. In the end, an agreement cannot be reached, due to Britain's unwillingness to bypass the ROC authorities because that would a tantamount of formal recognition to Tibet independence, which Britain was unwilling to see. However, Henry McMahon managed to sign a bilateral note with both ROC and Tibet, so that even though Simla convention was not signed, both sides were bound to it. At this point, Tibet was politically part of sovereign China, but in a sense, is a state within a state.
Afterwards, a group of young Tibetan officials sought to modernize Tibet, by introducing Western methods to construct a military of their own. The sough British help, which was promptly provided since the British wished to see a strong and unhappy Tibet under reluctant Chinese rule. This effort of modernization was supported by the Dalai Lama at first, but soon the monastic and aristocratic elites, who form the conservatives in Tibet, opposed vehemently. They argued that the radical changes the young officials were bringing about were harmful to Tibet's theocratic structure, and the Western influences would greatly harm Tibet's Buddhism traditions. They succeeded eventually, and Dalai decided to stop the modernization movement by demoting the group of officials overseeing it.
China, at the time, was in deep turmoil as the warlords battled one another in an unofficial civil war. However, the central government never abandoned its claims over Tibet, even though it was unable to construct any functional governing bodies, nor had the power to do so.
However, their involvement in international affairs had effectively gained Western World's recognition. The US, in 1943, officially acknowledged Tibet to be a part of China.
In 1950, PLA moved into Tibet to reclaim the area, but with a gradualist approach that offered Tibetans their autonomic status. Lhasa gave in, but soon both Lhasa and voices inside the CCP started to feel discontent about the situation. Riots broke out in 1959, which pushed the gradualist policy of Mao aside, and brought about hard line attitudes, which combined with the chaotic culture revolution soon after, caused the destruction of much of Tibetan traditional culture. After Deng Xiaoping's open market policy became the guideline of Chinese developments, the central government again took a soft approach by offering Tibetans more freedom to exercise their religion, and protection of traditional Tibetan culture. Monasteries were rebuilt, and religious practises were resumed - but obviously not as much as before. However this approach was not appreciated, as Dalai was still in a position to seek independence then, which China would not allow.
Dalai and Beijing had been in a deadlock since then, missing vital oppurtunities for reconcilliation here and there. Beijing had been switching strategies from soft to hard to soft again, and is now pouring money into Tibet for rapid economical developments while largely overlooking the spiritual needs of the Tibetans, which is causing discontent and unrest despite the privileges offered to Tibetans for their minority status. Dalai seemed to have taken on a more moderate view and openly stated he would not claim independence, as it is not practical - however, his action in 1994 regarding Panchen Lama's reincarnation seemed to speak otherwise: that he was still unwilling to work with Beijing to arrive at a compromise.
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What I have provided here is largely on account of Tibetans and their feelings - why some of them are discontent. This, by no means, says that I am for violent behavior and will forgive what the mobster did. Beijing's policy may have created a rift between Tibetans and Hans, but resorting to violence on innocent civilians is simply appalling. I hope the murderers are arrested and tried.
Basically, the Tibet problem boils down to this: Tibetans, at least the Geluks who follow the Dalai devoutly, may be more or less nationalistic (or Tibetanistic, rather, since even Dalai have given up the notion of independence) and wish for a Tibetan ethnic governing body, but we, as Chinese who have been working and improving Tibet's living standards for the past 50 years, despite their ungratefulness, are not going to give up the land that we had come to recognize as our own (and I can assure you, pointing fingers will invite only retorts on how the West treated its colonized people back a few centuries - and this goes on in loops). This difference in ideals leads to bitter strifes, but it is not a simple black-and-white issue that can be solved with shouting propagandas at each other, as the interests and emotions of too many parties are intermixed in it.
I wish for a peaceful compromise that could satisfy both parties, and hope that Tibetans will be able to live harmoniously with Han Chinese, but this can only be done with understanding from both parties, as well as West. As of now, the West's involvement in Tibet had been mostly counterproductive, and this new outcry for Tibet independence and threats to boycott Olympics (I can't help myself but laugh at this one) will do nothing but generating more recoils from Beijing and the general Chinese populace, making a peaceful and fruitful solution more and more unlikely.
Hope this was helpful enough for you.