Hao Ying Wen
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What is writing?
英文写作Learn to Write Big and Good & Good Write Just Right!
Written by a G12 student:
Hidden Wonders of a Paragraph
Whether writing a creative story, a school essay or an article for the local paper, one must first perfect the art of writing paragraphs. A paragraph is an essential unit of thought in writing and a good piece of work is always crafted with well-constructed and coherent paragraphs that can capture reader’s attention and incite their interest and emotions. So how exactly can someone write such paragraphs? Many would say that a paragraph first requires some brainstorming, and then to be written down as powerful arguments coupled with well-placed topic and concluding sentences. There is however much more to a paragraph than what meets the eye. Anyone anxious to improve his or her English writing would have to learn how to maneuver the hidden wonders of paragraphs where logic and imagination intersect.
The manipulation of the topic sentence is the first hidden wonder of writing a paragraph. Many would assume that the topic sentence must be the first or second sentences of a paragraph. It can be however played with in many ways by an experienced writer who is able to capture readers’ attention. When placed at the beginning of the paragraph, the purpose of the topic sentence is to explicitly provide the reader with an idea that shapes the paragraph. A good reader will immediately know the purpose of the paragraph and will capture the relationship between every following sentence and the topic sentence. In case of a long paragraph, the topic sentence is often restated at its end to amplify its importance. Depending on its purpose, the topic sentence can also be placed as the last sentence of the paragraph when the writer proceeds from a specific example to generalization, keeping the reader hooked until the very end. In some cases, the topic sentence is not stated at all, but implied distinctively in a unified paragraph when the writer describes or explains step the process, step by step, of how something is done or happens.
Topic sentences not only generate the controlling idea of the paragraph, but also create a definite pattern, the second hidden wonder. Effective writers often use three distinctive patterns for their paragraphs to further enhance the power of their written messages. Paragraphs can be organized as a question-answer pattern, in which the topic sentence asks a question. The supporting sentences of the paragraph then systematically answers the question with appropriate support. This successfully generates thoughts and conjectures from the reader him/herself rather than just passively taking in some information at a surface level. Another commonly used pattern for the paragraph is the problem-solution pattern where the topic sentence states a problem with solutions offered from the supporting sentences. If correctly applied, this pattern can intellectually lecture readers on a certain issue of the world and what they can do to solve it. The topic-restriction-illustration is the most commonly used type of paragraphs, where successful writers take the liberty of simply announcing a topic and describing it in the supporting sentences, whether composing a biography, illustrating scenery, or simply writing about their day.
A good paragraph may be defined by its topic and its direction guided by a given pattern, but its color and beauty come from the third hidden wonder the eight methods. The eight methods of paragraphs bring a luster of life and creativity in writing. Only when one masters all of these methods and utilize them at his or her disposal, can he/she truly announce that he/she can write a proper paragraph, hence an article. Documentary and biographical writers often construct narrative paragraphs to present a series of events that are organized chronologically. Instructors will have to utilize process paragraphs to explain how something is done or made while teachers heavily rely on definition or example paragraphs to lecture their students. If one is in tune with the sense of sight and nature, he/she should read the sequentially arranged details and framework of a description paragraph. A scientific person is likely to prefer an analytical or classification paragraph in which facts are clearly organized and analyzed. Contrarily, an artistic person would enjoy the deep reflective thoughts or examination from comparison/contrast paragraphs. These methods keep paragraphs alive with a variety of different moods and spirit, which allows the written message delivered with clarity, conciseness and conviction, and which in turn keeps its readers interested.
Writing takes many different forms, ranging from the free flowing ideas of novels to the persuasive powers of speeches. But all writing requires a central component: paragraphs (each one of which consists of several sentences written with intelligible grammaticality). Through a close observation of skilled writers, it is revealed that their writing is often more complex than simple. The complexity is fully projected in the three hidden wonders of writing paragraphs, which one must master to declare with privilege: “I can write a good paragraph.”
Written by a G11 student:
Effort and Gain
It is logical to say that by putting in effort one may expect gain: the greater the input, the greater the output. However, is this logic flawed? Three Penny Opera and Of Mice and Men, both classic pieces of literature, have this topic intertwined with the core of its story. Although each depicts opposite extremes of effort and its resulting gain, they both portray a very realistic point of view.
Berthold Brecht’s classic piece Three Penny Opera sends viewers back to 1837 in London, where a notorious criminal, Mac, rules the streets. Not only is he very good at what he does – he never gets caught – but he is also a lady’s man. The main conflict arises when he marries Polly, Peachum’s daughter. Peachum, opposing to his daughter’s marriage to a criminal, determines to have Mac condemned. After numerous events and trials, Mac is finally in the red to be hanged. However, just hours before his demise, when all his hope appears to have slipped out of his grasp, he is saved by the Queen herself. Not only is Mac’s life is spared, he is also set for life receiving a title and annual pension. Illustrated in this musical is the theme of “a crime pays off big for some who are feared by those in power.”
However, in the famous Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck’s message is polar aforementioned. Here, it depicts the reality of the American dream: the belief that with effort anything can be accomplished is unachievable. This tale follows the journey of two friends, Lennie and George, as they pursue their dream: to run a small farm. Despite overcoming numerous obstacles, their dream still ended crushed. Lennie, accidentally kills not only a dog, but also a woman. On the run after knowing he has done something wrong, he is found by George, who, in the turn of events, has no choice but to end Lennie’s life by shooting him. This tragic story not only portrays the loss of one’s dream, but also the loss of one’s friendship.
In the first piece, regardless of what type of person Mac is, he nevertheless gains a lot from putting a little effort. Although one can say that being an extremely infamous criminal takes effort, it is disregarded, subsiding into the abyss of nothing, in regard to the gain obtained. To the contrary, the latter piece of depicts an extreme effort but to the vain of no gain. A secondary main difference is that Mac is a notorious criminal, known to almost everyone, whereas Lennie and George are both plain commoners, living in the shadows shared by others.
Albeit each classic being notably different, they still reside certain similarities. First of all, the story line is alike. Numerous events happens before the goal is almost within reach, when something unexpected happens whish dashes that goal. In Three Penny Opera, Mac is almost hanged after being condemned, but suddenly the Queen steps in, which is parallel to that in Of Mice and Men: Lennie and George’s dream is almost achieved, but abruptly, Lennie kills someone. Furthermore, the role of women brings conflict to both classics. In the first, Penny causes the main conflict of Peachum trying to demolish Mac, and in the second, it is with the death of a woman that shattes Lennie and George’s American dream.
Although both pieces of literature share the analogous theme, their core is different from one another, with some implied similarities. Tying these classics back to the question, it seems to me that sometimes no effort is needed to obtain, but in others the effort is vain. The uneven correlation between effort and gain then should rely on another factor: luck. However, one cannot control or predict luck so it is better safe than sorry: There is more chance in obtaining gain by putting in effort than waiting for gain to happen without effort.
Written by a G10 student:
Bill Cosby Reads
Sifting through thousands of reading techniques to help him read faster, Bill Cosby, at a young age, discovered three techniques which would help him read faster throughout his life. These three techniques helped a young Bill through his numerous comic books and helped a much older Bill get through university with success.
Wanting to encourage young kids to read, Bill kindly shared these techniques with the whole world. The three reading techniques, previewing, skimming and reading in clusters, should help kids go through boring parts of books in a breeze without missing the key details.
Previewing – the tool to decide whether or not to read a book. This technique requires the reader to read the first and last two paragraphs as well as the topic sentence in each successive paragraph. Given that the topic sentence defines the topic of its paragraph, one can understand the context of the book through his and decide whether or not the book is wroth a read.
The second technique, skimming, is probably used many teenagers who would like to get past the reading forced upon them. Still, this technique is quite useful for skipping through boring parts of books or quickly reading books when they have too much reading to do. What is required of the reader is simple: the reader much pick up a couple key words from each line to piece together an image of what’s happening. Of course, the reader will not get the whole picture but s/he will get just enough information to know what is going on.
Possibly the hardest of the three techniques, reading in clusters requires practice. When perfected, this technique will no doubt be the best of the three but it is also the hardest to acquire. For this technique to work, the reader simply has to read, not in single words as we usually do, but in clusters of three or four words. Lots of practice is needed for one to become skillful at this…as they say, “practice makes perfect.”
No doubt, reading can get on one’s nerves at times, be it getting through a boring part of a good book or reading quickly through some university textbooks, but with enough practice by using these three techniques, one can persevere and succeed. Being able to read is a gift, but Bill Cosby’s three reading techniques enhance them greatly, which eventually helps us write well.
Written by a G9 student:
Friends can be classified into three main categories. The first group is the “fake” friends. These are the people who act friendly towards you, with other objectives in mind. They are merely trying to get what they want. They will not be there for you when you need them. The second group is the normal friends. These are the people you share classes with and often talk to. Interaction with them includes hanging out occasionally, completing homework together, and joking around. The last group is the best friends. Best friends tell you the truth even if it’s not always what you want to hear. They are the type of friends t hat will be there for you, even if it means sacrificing something. They are the shoulder you lean on, the arms that hold you, and the eyes that keep watch over for you. They know you better than you know yourself, and always do what they can to help you. A friend understands what you are saying, but a best friend understand what you aren’t saying.
Written by a G7 student:
Watches (a short story)
Courtney, who loved watches, had the pleasure of buying watches of different styles but hated buying one that was of good quality because she thought it was too expensive. Every time she went to the mall, she would buy a new watch. However after less then a month one of her watches would break, thus she was always buying and buying without stopping.
One day, Courtney went to the shopping mall again to look for a watch with the latest style. She found some where were really inexpensive therefore she bought a couple of them and headed home. After a couple of days Courtney had found out that these watches were jus accessories because they did not even show the right time! That’s why Courtney went back to the shopping center and purchased a really valuable and beautiful watch. Even though it was expensive, it was still worth it since the watch had lasted for many years without breaking. When Courtney looked at her bill she was shocked because she had spent more money on useless watches for a year than a good watch that lasted for a really long period of time. Now Courtney knows that quality is way better than quantity.
Summary of parallelism
In writing, parallelism means grammatically equal which helps to balance sentence elements. However faulty parallelism disrupts the balance so it makes the sentence awkward. For parallel structure we need balance nouns with nouns, prepositional phrases with prepositional phrases and so on. But parallel structure is not enough for us to be effective in writing, we also have to make them it clear, so when necessary, we can repeat a preposition, an article, or the “to” of the infinitive or the introductory word of a phrase or a clause. There are also correlatives that usually connect parallel structures, for example: both … and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, and whether…or. Sometimes we are not sure if our sentence is parallel or not, that’s when we can make an outline of the parallel parts.
For example:
Sentence:
One may feel that Commager’s plan for eliminating the corruption in sports is both radical and impractical.
Outline of the parallel parts:
One may feel…
both
radical
and
impratical
Written by a G3 student:
The laughing contest (a short story)
Once there was a big joke contest in LAUGHTOWN. Everyone sent in great jokes, but only 8 people got in the contest. Their names were Joky, Laughs, Not Funny, Tom, Plugs, Uhpg, Wow and Op. Joky went first and he told a joke so funny that the judges snickered so that hard while they were drinking water it came out of their nose!!! After a few jokes, Joky and Not Funny had to compete who was the best joker. Both of them wanted to get the grant prize – a MULTI-FUNCTION GIGGLING LAVE LAMP!!! Joky did a funny joke and out of 20 he got 19.9. The only way for Not Funny to win was to get a full 20/20!!! On the stage, he was still laughing from Joky’s joke and he didn’t think of a joke yet so he said “UM UM UM” and the audience and the judges chuckled so much because he made a funny face when he said “UM” so he won 1st place!!!
Summary of English verbs:
Verbs are important because without them, there would not be a sentence.
Verbs tell us the positions, relationships and functions of other words in a sentence.
Sentences:
Food alleviates hunger.
This elephant is a big, giant, colossal animal.
This lesson offers me a GREAT challenge.
Food shortage frustrates foodologists.
Gold is a natural treasure.
Pushing hard shatters glass.
The school principle suspended the naughty kid.
This lesson prepares me to be a good writer in the future.
Reading makes people smart.
Smoke threatens our HEALTH.
Lack of understanding makes writing difficult.
Many scientists imitate science.
I trudged to the “out” bench because I missed the baseball by a millimeter.
Adults adore the news’s news.
The Rockies are somewhere across AL and BC
An iceberg sank the Titanic.
The Titanic lies somewhere in the middle of nowhere.
The sun paints the grass green.
Obama signed the “Be a President” sheet.
The principle signed my certificate
If the above were not writing, then what would it be?
英文写作Learn to Write Big and Good & Good Write Just Right!
Written by a G12 student:
Hidden Wonders of a Paragraph
Whether writing a creative story, a school essay or an article for the local paper, one must first perfect the art of writing paragraphs. A paragraph is an essential unit of thought in writing and a good piece of work is always crafted with well-constructed and coherent paragraphs that can capture reader’s attention and incite their interest and emotions. So how exactly can someone write such paragraphs? Many would say that a paragraph first requires some brainstorming, and then to be written down as powerful arguments coupled with well-placed topic and concluding sentences. There is however much more to a paragraph than what meets the eye. Anyone anxious to improve his or her English writing would have to learn how to maneuver the hidden wonders of paragraphs where logic and imagination intersect.
The manipulation of the topic sentence is the first hidden wonder of writing a paragraph. Many would assume that the topic sentence must be the first or second sentences of a paragraph. It can be however played with in many ways by an experienced writer who is able to capture readers’ attention. When placed at the beginning of the paragraph, the purpose of the topic sentence is to explicitly provide the reader with an idea that shapes the paragraph. A good reader will immediately know the purpose of the paragraph and will capture the relationship between every following sentence and the topic sentence. In case of a long paragraph, the topic sentence is often restated at its end to amplify its importance. Depending on its purpose, the topic sentence can also be placed as the last sentence of the paragraph when the writer proceeds from a specific example to generalization, keeping the reader hooked until the very end. In some cases, the topic sentence is not stated at all, but implied distinctively in a unified paragraph when the writer describes or explains step the process, step by step, of how something is done or happens.
Topic sentences not only generate the controlling idea of the paragraph, but also create a definite pattern, the second hidden wonder. Effective writers often use three distinctive patterns for their paragraphs to further enhance the power of their written messages. Paragraphs can be organized as a question-answer pattern, in which the topic sentence asks a question. The supporting sentences of the paragraph then systematically answers the question with appropriate support. This successfully generates thoughts and conjectures from the reader him/herself rather than just passively taking in some information at a surface level. Another commonly used pattern for the paragraph is the problem-solution pattern where the topic sentence states a problem with solutions offered from the supporting sentences. If correctly applied, this pattern can intellectually lecture readers on a certain issue of the world and what they can do to solve it. The topic-restriction-illustration is the most commonly used type of paragraphs, where successful writers take the liberty of simply announcing a topic and describing it in the supporting sentences, whether composing a biography, illustrating scenery, or simply writing about their day.
A good paragraph may be defined by its topic and its direction guided by a given pattern, but its color and beauty come from the third hidden wonder the eight methods. The eight methods of paragraphs bring a luster of life and creativity in writing. Only when one masters all of these methods and utilize them at his or her disposal, can he/she truly announce that he/she can write a proper paragraph, hence an article. Documentary and biographical writers often construct narrative paragraphs to present a series of events that are organized chronologically. Instructors will have to utilize process paragraphs to explain how something is done or made while teachers heavily rely on definition or example paragraphs to lecture their students. If one is in tune with the sense of sight and nature, he/she should read the sequentially arranged details and framework of a description paragraph. A scientific person is likely to prefer an analytical or classification paragraph in which facts are clearly organized and analyzed. Contrarily, an artistic person would enjoy the deep reflective thoughts or examination from comparison/contrast paragraphs. These methods keep paragraphs alive with a variety of different moods and spirit, which allows the written message delivered with clarity, conciseness and conviction, and which in turn keeps its readers interested.
Writing takes many different forms, ranging from the free flowing ideas of novels to the persuasive powers of speeches. But all writing requires a central component: paragraphs (each one of which consists of several sentences written with intelligible grammaticality). Through a close observation of skilled writers, it is revealed that their writing is often more complex than simple. The complexity is fully projected in the three hidden wonders of writing paragraphs, which one must master to declare with privilege: “I can write a good paragraph.”
Written by a G11 student:
Effort and Gain
It is logical to say that by putting in effort one may expect gain: the greater the input, the greater the output. However, is this logic flawed? Three Penny Opera and Of Mice and Men, both classic pieces of literature, have this topic intertwined with the core of its story. Although each depicts opposite extremes of effort and its resulting gain, they both portray a very realistic point of view.
Berthold Brecht’s classic piece Three Penny Opera sends viewers back to 1837 in London, where a notorious criminal, Mac, rules the streets. Not only is he very good at what he does – he never gets caught – but he is also a lady’s man. The main conflict arises when he marries Polly, Peachum’s daughter. Peachum, opposing to his daughter’s marriage to a criminal, determines to have Mac condemned. After numerous events and trials, Mac is finally in the red to be hanged. However, just hours before his demise, when all his hope appears to have slipped out of his grasp, he is saved by the Queen herself. Not only is Mac’s life is spared, he is also set for life receiving a title and annual pension. Illustrated in this musical is the theme of “a crime pays off big for some who are feared by those in power.”
However, in the famous Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck’s message is polar aforementioned. Here, it depicts the reality of the American dream: the belief that with effort anything can be accomplished is unachievable. This tale follows the journey of two friends, Lennie and George, as they pursue their dream: to run a small farm. Despite overcoming numerous obstacles, their dream still ended crushed. Lennie, accidentally kills not only a dog, but also a woman. On the run after knowing he has done something wrong, he is found by George, who, in the turn of events, has no choice but to end Lennie’s life by shooting him. This tragic story not only portrays the loss of one’s dream, but also the loss of one’s friendship.
In the first piece, regardless of what type of person Mac is, he nevertheless gains a lot from putting a little effort. Although one can say that being an extremely infamous criminal takes effort, it is disregarded, subsiding into the abyss of nothing, in regard to the gain obtained. To the contrary, the latter piece of depicts an extreme effort but to the vain of no gain. A secondary main difference is that Mac is a notorious criminal, known to almost everyone, whereas Lennie and George are both plain commoners, living in the shadows shared by others.
Albeit each classic being notably different, they still reside certain similarities. First of all, the story line is alike. Numerous events happens before the goal is almost within reach, when something unexpected happens whish dashes that goal. In Three Penny Opera, Mac is almost hanged after being condemned, but suddenly the Queen steps in, which is parallel to that in Of Mice and Men: Lennie and George’s dream is almost achieved, but abruptly, Lennie kills someone. Furthermore, the role of women brings conflict to both classics. In the first, Penny causes the main conflict of Peachum trying to demolish Mac, and in the second, it is with the death of a woman that shattes Lennie and George’s American dream.
Although both pieces of literature share the analogous theme, their core is different from one another, with some implied similarities. Tying these classics back to the question, it seems to me that sometimes no effort is needed to obtain, but in others the effort is vain. The uneven correlation between effort and gain then should rely on another factor: luck. However, one cannot control or predict luck so it is better safe than sorry: There is more chance in obtaining gain by putting in effort than waiting for gain to happen without effort.
Written by a G10 student:
Bill Cosby Reads
Sifting through thousands of reading techniques to help him read faster, Bill Cosby, at a young age, discovered three techniques which would help him read faster throughout his life. These three techniques helped a young Bill through his numerous comic books and helped a much older Bill get through university with success.
Wanting to encourage young kids to read, Bill kindly shared these techniques with the whole world. The three reading techniques, previewing, skimming and reading in clusters, should help kids go through boring parts of books in a breeze without missing the key details.
Previewing – the tool to decide whether or not to read a book. This technique requires the reader to read the first and last two paragraphs as well as the topic sentence in each successive paragraph. Given that the topic sentence defines the topic of its paragraph, one can understand the context of the book through his and decide whether or not the book is wroth a read.
The second technique, skimming, is probably used many teenagers who would like to get past the reading forced upon them. Still, this technique is quite useful for skipping through boring parts of books or quickly reading books when they have too much reading to do. What is required of the reader is simple: the reader much pick up a couple key words from each line to piece together an image of what’s happening. Of course, the reader will not get the whole picture but s/he will get just enough information to know what is going on.
Possibly the hardest of the three techniques, reading in clusters requires practice. When perfected, this technique will no doubt be the best of the three but it is also the hardest to acquire. For this technique to work, the reader simply has to read, not in single words as we usually do, but in clusters of three or four words. Lots of practice is needed for one to become skillful at this…as they say, “practice makes perfect.”
No doubt, reading can get on one’s nerves at times, be it getting through a boring part of a good book or reading quickly through some university textbooks, but with enough practice by using these three techniques, one can persevere and succeed. Being able to read is a gift, but Bill Cosby’s three reading techniques enhance them greatly, which eventually helps us write well.
Written by a G9 student:
Friends can be classified into three main categories. The first group is the “fake” friends. These are the people who act friendly towards you, with other objectives in mind. They are merely trying to get what they want. They will not be there for you when you need them. The second group is the normal friends. These are the people you share classes with and often talk to. Interaction with them includes hanging out occasionally, completing homework together, and joking around. The last group is the best friends. Best friends tell you the truth even if it’s not always what you want to hear. They are the type of friends t hat will be there for you, even if it means sacrificing something. They are the shoulder you lean on, the arms that hold you, and the eyes that keep watch over for you. They know you better than you know yourself, and always do what they can to help you. A friend understands what you are saying, but a best friend understand what you aren’t saying.
Written by a G7 student:
Watches (a short story)
Courtney, who loved watches, had the pleasure of buying watches of different styles but hated buying one that was of good quality because she thought it was too expensive. Every time she went to the mall, she would buy a new watch. However after less then a month one of her watches would break, thus she was always buying and buying without stopping.
One day, Courtney went to the shopping mall again to look for a watch with the latest style. She found some where were really inexpensive therefore she bought a couple of them and headed home. After a couple of days Courtney had found out that these watches were jus accessories because they did not even show the right time! That’s why Courtney went back to the shopping center and purchased a really valuable and beautiful watch. Even though it was expensive, it was still worth it since the watch had lasted for many years without breaking. When Courtney looked at her bill she was shocked because she had spent more money on useless watches for a year than a good watch that lasted for a really long period of time. Now Courtney knows that quality is way better than quantity.
Summary of parallelism
In writing, parallelism means grammatically equal which helps to balance sentence elements. However faulty parallelism disrupts the balance so it makes the sentence awkward. For parallel structure we need balance nouns with nouns, prepositional phrases with prepositional phrases and so on. But parallel structure is not enough for us to be effective in writing, we also have to make them it clear, so when necessary, we can repeat a preposition, an article, or the “to” of the infinitive or the introductory word of a phrase or a clause. There are also correlatives that usually connect parallel structures, for example: both … and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, and whether…or. Sometimes we are not sure if our sentence is parallel or not, that’s when we can make an outline of the parallel parts.
For example:
Sentence:
One may feel that Commager’s plan for eliminating the corruption in sports is both radical and impractical.
Outline of the parallel parts:
One may feel…
both
radical
and
impratical
Written by a G3 student:
The laughing contest (a short story)
Once there was a big joke contest in LAUGHTOWN. Everyone sent in great jokes, but only 8 people got in the contest. Their names were Joky, Laughs, Not Funny, Tom, Plugs, Uhpg, Wow and Op. Joky went first and he told a joke so funny that the judges snickered so that hard while they were drinking water it came out of their nose!!! After a few jokes, Joky and Not Funny had to compete who was the best joker. Both of them wanted to get the grant prize – a MULTI-FUNCTION GIGGLING LAVE LAMP!!! Joky did a funny joke and out of 20 he got 19.9. The only way for Not Funny to win was to get a full 20/20!!! On the stage, he was still laughing from Joky’s joke and he didn’t think of a joke yet so he said “UM UM UM” and the audience and the judges chuckled so much because he made a funny face when he said “UM” so he won 1st place!!!
Summary of English verbs:
Verbs are important because without them, there would not be a sentence.
Verbs tell us the positions, relationships and functions of other words in a sentence.
Sentences:
Food alleviates hunger.
This elephant is a big, giant, colossal animal.
This lesson offers me a GREAT challenge.
Food shortage frustrates foodologists.
Gold is a natural treasure.
Pushing hard shatters glass.
The school principle suspended the naughty kid.
This lesson prepares me to be a good writer in the future.
Reading makes people smart.
Smoke threatens our HEALTH.
Lack of understanding makes writing difficult.
Many scientists imitate science.
I trudged to the “out” bench because I missed the baseball by a millimeter.
Adults adore the news’s news.
The Rockies are somewhere across AL and BC
An iceberg sank the Titanic.
The Titanic lies somewhere in the middle of nowhere.
The sun paints the grass green.
Obama signed the “Be a President” sheet.
The principle signed my certificate
If the above were not writing, then what would it be?
