加拿大疫苗

[lindamy]

 

[向问天]

 

[lindamy]

 

[lindamy]

Canada to get 168,000 doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine before year is out: Trudeau​

The Moderna vaccine has not yet been approved by Health Canada but Trudeau says deliveries could begin within 48 hours of that happening
Author of the article:
Ryan Tumilty

Publishing date:
Dec 15, 2020 • Last Updated 25 minutes ago • 3 minute read

Moderna COVID-19 vaccine PHOTO BY JOEL SAGET /AFP via GETTY IMAGES

OTTAWA – Canada could have a second vaccine in its arsenal against COVID-19 as early as next week, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced Tuesday.

Moderna’s vaccine has not yet been approved by Health Canada, but officials have said it is close and published research indicates it is more than 90 per cent effective in preventing people from getting the virus.

Trudeau said Canada could get up to 168,000 doses of Moderna’s vaccine by the end of December, with deliveries beginning shortly after regulatory approval.

“These doses are part of the guaranteed 40 million doses we have secured and deliveries could begin within 48 hours of regulatory approval,” said Trudeau.

Unlike the Pfizer vaccine, which started going into Canadian arms on Monday, Moderna’s vaccine does not require ultra-cold storage and is easier to distribute.

Due to the complicated logistics, the Pfizer vaccine was not sent to the Territories this week, but the government plans to make up that shortfall using the Moderna vaccine. The rest of Moderna’s doses will go to provinces and territories on a per capita basis, just as the Pfizer vaccine did.

Trudeau said he was confident the vaccine rollout plan would reach everyone.
“No one and no community will be left behind. We have a plan to reach everyone who wants a vaccine, no matter where they live,” he said.

Maj.-Gen. Dany Fortin, who is overseeing the vaccine rollout, said the government is planning a full test of the delivery process for the Moderna vaccine to ensure there are no problems before the vaccine actually ships.

Pfizer managed the delivery of its vaccine, but the government will actually collect the Moderna vaccine from manufacturing facilities in Europe and bring it to Canada before distributing it.

After receiving approximately 30,000 doses of the Pfizer vaccine this week, Trudeau said the government expected another 200,000 doses next week, filling the bulk of what the company promised to deliver by the end of the year. Pfizer’s contract has promised the government 20 million doses, with an option for up to 76 million.

Canada’s first batch of Pfizer/BioNTEch COVID-19 vaccines is unloaded from a UPS cargo plane at Montreal-Mirabel International Airport in Montreal on December 13, 2020. PHOTO BY CPL MATTHEW TOWER/CANADIAN FORCES

The vaccine is set to be available at 14 sites across the country, but Trudeau said that would expand to 70 sites next week.

Both vaccines require two doses to be fully effective.

Trudeau stressed the regulatory process would still have to finish before the vaccine could be rolled out. He said the government had given Health Canada more resources to be able to review the vaccines quickly, but insisted they were still getting a vigorous review.

“Part of reassuring Canadians about the safety and efficacy of the vaccines is the extraordinary rigorous Health Canada approval process, which was done quicker than usual, but without cutting any corners or taking shortcuts,” he said.

Health Canada’s approval process for COVID vaccines allowed companies to submit safety information and early research data before all the work was complete, allowing Health Canada to start reviewing data while clinical trials continued.

There are currently two other vaccines in this process, AstraZeneca’s vaccine and Johnson and Johnson’s, both of those vaccines can be stored in regular refrigerators. The Johnson and Johnson vaccine also only requires a single dose to be effective, potentially further streamlining the process.

A man pushes a box containing the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine prepared to be shipped at the Pfizer Global Supply Kalamazoo manufacturing plant in Portage, Michigan, U.S., December 13, 2020. PHOTO BY MORRY GASH/POOL


Canada’s vaccine rollout began Monday with patients in Quebec and Ontario receiving the first doses of Pfizer’s vaccine. Provinces make the final call on who receives vaccines, but are expected to focus on health care workers, those living in long-term care and people over 80.

The government has said it expects four million doses of the Pfizer vaccine and two million of the Moderna one delivered by the end of March, enough to vaccinate three million Canadians.

Procurement Minister Anita Anand said the government initially didn’t expect any vaccines would be available in December and contracts were structured around delivery beginning in January.

“Now that we see Health Canada moving so quickly with the approval process, we are attempting and successfully so, to move up the delivery date of the vaccine,” she said.

Anand insisted Canada has a solid plan for vaccines and Canadians would be among the first in the world to be vaccinated.
“We are at the front of line in terms of countries.”

Canada to get 168,000 doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine before year is out: Trudeau

The Moderna vaccine has not yet been approved by Health Canada but Trudeau says deliveries could begin within 48 hours of that happening

ottawacitizen.com

 

[向问天]

辉瑞能卖给中国7.2m doses, 加拿大到底买了多少？

 

[lindamy]

3 hr 54 min ago

Moderna vs. Pfizer: Comparing the vaccines​

From CNN's Eric Levenson and Jacqueline Howard

A system pharmacy clinical manager at Hartford HealthCare prepares the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid-19 vaccine in Hartford, Connecticut, on December 14. Jessica Hill/AP

Moderna's coronavirus vaccine candidate is similar to the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine that was authorized and shipped out to the first Americans earlier this week.

But there are a few key differences. Most importantly, Moderna's vaccine can be stored in normal freezers and does not require a super-cold transportation network, making it more accessible for smaller facilities and local communities.

Here's a look at what we know about both of them:

Efficacy

Both Moderna's and the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine have shown similar efficacy levels of near 95%.

"They appear to be roughly equivalent," said Dr. Paul Offit, a member of the FDA's vaccine advisory committee, during an appearance on CNN's "New Day" on Tuesday.

Structure

Both vaccines rely on mRNA, or messenger RNA, to work, although with slightly different structures and makeup.

"Even though they're both messenger RNA vaccines, they're really different messenger RNA molecules, they have different so-called lipid delivery systems, meaning the sort of fatty droplet in which the messenger RNA is located," Offit said on Monday. "That's why they have different storage and handling characteristics."

Cold storage

Most importantly, Moderna's vaccine does not need to be kept at super-cold temperatures, like Pfizer's.

The Pfizer vaccine needs to be stored at about minus-75 degrees Celsius, about 50 degrees colder than any vaccine currently used in the US. The vaccine can be put in the refrigerator for only up to five days before it expires.

To accommodate that, the CDC created a complex set of handling and storage requirements known as the "cold chain" that included expensive ultra-cold freezers and lots of dry ice.

In contrast, Moderna's vaccine can be kept at about minus-20 degrees Celsius, or about the temperature of a home freezer, according to Moncef Slaoui, the head of the US effort to develop a vaccine for Covid-19. Moderna's vaccine can also be kept in a refrigerator for 30 days before it expires.

"So that's more manageable and much more commonly available," Slaoui said Tuesday.

These differences suggest that Pfizer's vaccine may be used more for major institutions with established infrastructure like hospitals, while Moderna's may be more useful to smaller facilities like a local chain or pharmacist.

Dosage and timing

Moderna's vaccine is administered as two 100-microgram doses given 28 days apart. Pfizer's vaccine is administered as two 30-microgram doses given 21 days apart.

Age

If authorized, the Moderna vaccine would be used in people 18 and older, while the Pfizer vaccine was authorized for people 16 and older.
You can read more about both both vaccines here.

 

[lindamy]

New estimate for when all Canadians can get vaccine
It moves up a previous estimate from health officials that suggested all Canadians would have acccess by December 2021.

Author of the article:Maja Begovic
Publishing dateec 17, 2020 • Last Updated 6 hours ago • 3 minute read

Tamara Dus, director of University Health Network Safety Services, administers a Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine at a hospital in Toronto on Monday, Dec. 14, 2020. PHOTO BY THE CANADIAN PRESS/FRANK GUNN

The first doses of the COVID-19 vaccine have started rolling out to high-priority groups, but a new timeline by the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) suggests that all Canadians who want the shot can now get it by September 2021.

“Based on current data, by the end of Q3 2021, Canada projects having a sufficient number doses to be able to offer a vaccination to every Canadian,” a spokesperson for PHAC said in a statement. The third quarter of the calendar year includes July, August and September.

Dr. Howard Njoo, Canada’s deputy chief public health officer had previously estimated that the end of December 2021 is when all Canadians can expect to have access to safe and effective vaccines to protect against COVID-19. In recent weeks, health officials and federal COVID-19 briefing documents also suggested that the country’s immunization response would likely be completed by the end of next year.

PHAC’s new timeline comes after its review of the country’s vaccine supply data that suggests that Canada will be sufficiently equipped to offer the vaccine to all Canadians by September.

According to Canada’s COVID-19 immunization plan, the federal government has secured up to 418 million doses through its purchase agreements with seven pharmaceutical companies. Partnerships with multiple companies help to ensure that Canadians can have access to the best and most effective vaccines. Any unused doses may be donated to countries in transition.

If Pfizer, Moderna, Medicago, AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, Novavax and Sanofi-GlaxoSmithKline can meet the planned timelines for manufacturing, clinical trials, results, regulatory filings and the delivery of vaccines, Canada’s immunization program may be completed earlier than previously estimated, according to PHAC. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has said that about 168,000 doses of the Massachusetts-based Moderna vaccine will be available in Canada by the end of the month if regulatory approval is secured.

“As with the early shipments of the Pfizer vaccine, this moves us even further forward on getting Canadians protected as quickly as possible,” Trudeau said.

But until the vaccines are widely deployed across Canada and herd immunity is achieved, public health measures will have to continue in order to slow the spread of COVID-19, decrease the severity of the disease, mortality, and the burden on populations that have been disproportionately affected.

“I think at this juncture, it’s really important that we keep up with public health advice and measures at the same time as we’re gradually ramping up the vaccination program,” Dr. Theresa Tam, Canada’s chief public health officer, told CBC News Network’s Power & Politics. She is urging Canadians to stay vigilant as the existing spike in cases across the country is proving more difficult to manage — even more so than the first wave.

A new Ispos/Radio Canada survey revealed that only 36 per cent of Canadians polled said that they’d get vaccinated as soon as possible, while 53 per cent of Canadians said that they would prefer to wait for several months. About 11 per cent of those polled were undecided and 16 per cent of respondents said that they would not get vaccinated.

The U.S. expects to have its vaccination program completed even earlier than Canada.

Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases told MSNBC that depending on the “efficiency of the rollout,” the Covid-19 vaccines should be widely available to most Americans by spring. COVID-19 vaccines should be available to most Americans

New estimate for when all Canadians can get vaccine

It moves up a previous estimate from health officials that suggested all Canadians would have acccess by December 2021.

ottawacitizen.com

 

[lindamy]

加拿大国家免疫咨询委员会建议：患有自身免疫系统疾病，免疫系统有缺陷的患者，孕妇和16岁以下的青年人暂缓注射辉瑞疫苗，因为疫苗的试验中未包含这类数据。​

Immunocompromised may have to wait longer for COVID-19 vaccine​

The reason behind the precautions regarding the immunosuppressed and other groups is that they weren’t included in Pfizer’s vaccine trials, so there simply isn’t any data to indicate whether the drug is safe for them.
Author of the article:
Bruce Deachman
Publishing date:
Dec 17, 2020 • Last Updated 14 hours ago • 4 minute read

Tim Smith is a double-lung transplant recipient. He was somewhat disappointed to learn that immunocompromised people are not being recommended for the COVID vaccine, but he is willing to wait his turn. PHOTO BY JEAN LEVAC /Jean Levac

Tim Smith was a little surprised over the past few days to hear U.S. immunologist Dr. Anthony Fauci, B.C.’s provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry, and his own thoracic surgeon say that the long-awaited COVID-19 vaccine was not being recommended for those who, like Smith, have compromised immune systems.

For the 60-year-old Alta Vista resident and double-lung transplant recipient, the news pushed the light he’d been eyeing at the end of a long tunnel a little further away.

“At first, I was thinking ‘I’m immunosuppressed, and they talked about people who are immunosuppressed, saying they might be at the front of the line,’” he says. “So that’s what I thought was going to happen.”

Tim Smith is a double lung transplant recipient. He was somewhat disappointed to learn that immunocompromised people are not being recommended for the COVID vaccine, but he is willing to wait his turn. PHOTO BY JEAN LEVAC /Jean Levac

But when the rollout of the first vaccine, from Pfizer-BioNTech, began this week, Canada’s National Advisory Committee on Immunization recommended that it not be given to those with autoimmune disorders or those who are immunosuppressed, as well as pregnant women or those under 16, advice that has been echoed by such organizations as Ottawa Public Health.

Smith has been at much greater risk of infection after undergoing his double-lung transplant in Toronto on Nov. 15, 2019. Since returning to Ottawa at the end of February, shortly before the world locked down, he says he’s pretty much stayed in his home, notwithstanding occasional medical tests and a few other outings. “I literally don’t go out,” he says. “There’s the odd time to get some sanity. But someone else’s cold is my pneumonia.”

Smith tempers his disappointment knowing that, as a retiree, he still can isolate at home, while those more likely to spread the virus — employees at long-term care homes, bus drivers and other essential workers — don’t have that luxury.

The reason behind the precautions regarding the immunosuppressed and other groups is that they weren’t included in Pfizer’s vaccine trials, so there simply isn’t any data to indicate whether the drug is safe for them.

According to epidemiologist and uOttawa health sciences associate professor Dr. Raywat Deonandan, this isn’t at all unusual. “The government has licensed this drug based on what is known in the clinical trial. So it would be considered a bit untoward to do anything that deviates from the testing procedure in the clinical trial. For example, it wasn’t tested on children, so it would be very odd to now go and give it to children. It probably does work on kids, to be honest, but we won’t do it because that’s not what we looked at.”

The good news, says Dr. Deonandan, is that the vaccine appears to work well on older people, who typically have less responsive immune systems. “So it probably will work on a very high percentage of people who have autoimmune disorders. But we don’t know. So it’s a precautionary principle at this point, saying that because there’s insufficient data, let’s hold off, for at least a few months, until we assess the true safety profile.”

Further trials, he says, as well as evaluations and post-market surveillance of ongoing vaccinations, including the occasional happenstance of those with compromised immune systems actually getting the vaccine, will provide more data. Meanwhile, people currently unable to be vaccinated, including the immunocompromised, will benefit by the vaccination of those around them.

“That’s where we need to focus,” says Dr. Kumanan Wilson, a physician/scientist at The Ottawa Hospital. “We call that shielding of the vulnerable, where we vaccinate those who might come in contact with the immunocompromised.”

Dr. Wilson points to the measles vaccine as an example, noting that because it’s a live vaccine, unlike the COVID one, it can’t be given to the immunocompromised. “That’s why everyone else gets vaccinated, to protect those who can’t get the vaccine.”

That’s largely how Danny Norris, another double-lung recipient who, like Smith, expected to be among those vaccinated early in the process, is looking at things.

“It’s definitely a disappointment,” says the 30-year-old Cumberland resident, whose wife is also a double-lung recipient. “But if everybody else is able to get vaccines, it will help control the spread, which means it will be safer for us in general.”

But Norris adds he won’t need any encouragement to get a vaccine as soon as he can. “Some health officials have said get it, because the vaccine is probably safer than actually catching COVID. No one really knows. But if we’re eligible, I’ll try to get it as soon as possible.”

Smith, meanwhile, says he’ll hold off until there’s solid evidence that he can be safely vaccinated before doing so. In the meantime, he’s not counting on others being vaccinated for his safety.

“I don’t think I’ll feel comfortable going out knowing that 60 or 70 percent of people are vaccinated. That leaves at least another 30 per cent out there, and I know that I’m at risk to get something.

“It would be nice to have more data,” he adds, “but I can wait my turn.”

Immunocompromised may have to wait longer for COVID-19 vaccine

For the immunosuppressed and other groups not part of Pfizer's vaccine trials, there is no data to show whether the drug is safe for them.

ottawacitizen.com

 

[向问天]

加拿大国家免疫咨询委员会建议：患有自身免疫系统疾病，免疫系统有缺陷的患者，孕妇和16岁以下的青年人暂缓注射辉瑞疫苗，因为疫苗的试验中为包含这类数据。​

Immunocompromised may have to wait longer for COVID-19 vaccine​

The reason behind the precautions regarding the immunosuppressed and other groups is that they weren’t included in Pfizer’s vaccine trials, so there simply isn’t any data to indicate whether the drug is safe for them.
Author of the article:
Bruce Deachman
Publishing date:
Dec 17, 2020 • Last Updated 14 hours ago • 4 minute read

浏览附件947350

Tim Smith is a double-lung transplant recipient. He was somewhat disappointed to learn that immunocompromised people are not being recommended for the COVID vaccine, but he is willing to wait his turn. PHOTO BY JEAN LEVAC /Jean Levac

Tim Smith was a little surprised over the past few days to hear U.S. immunologist Dr. Anthony Fauci, B.C.’s provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry, and his own thoracic surgeon say that the long-awaited COVID-19 vaccine was not being recommended for those who, like Smith, have compromised immune systems.

For the 60-year-old Alta Vista resident and double-lung transplant recipient, the news pushed the light he’d been eyeing at the end of a long tunnel a little further away.

“At first, I was thinking ‘I’m immunosuppressed, and they talked about people who are immunosuppressed, saying they might be at the front of the line,’” he says. “So that’s what I thought was going to happen.”

浏览附件947351

Tim Smith is a double lung transplant recipient. He was somewhat disappointed to learn that immunocompromised people are not being recommended for the COVID vaccine, but he is willing to wait his turn. PHOTO BY JEAN LEVAC /Jean Levac

But when the rollout of the first vaccine, from Pfizer-BioNTech, began this week, Canada’s National Advisory Committee on Immunization recommended that it not be given to those with autoimmune disorders or those who are immunosuppressed, as well as pregnant women or those under 16, advice that has been echoed by such organizations as Ottawa Public Health.

Smith has been at much greater risk of infection after undergoing his double-lung transplant in Toronto on Nov. 15, 2019. Since returning to Ottawa at the end of February, shortly before the world locked down, he says he’s pretty much stayed in his home, notwithstanding occasional medical tests and a few other outings. “I literally don’t go out,” he says. “There’s the odd time to get some sanity. But someone else’s cold is my pneumonia.”

Smith tempers his disappointment knowing that, as a retiree, he still can isolate at home, while those more likely to spread the virus — employees at long-term care homes, bus drivers and other essential workers — don’t have that luxury.

The reason behind the precautions regarding the immunosuppressed and other groups is that they weren’t included in Pfizer’s vaccine trials, so there simply isn’t any data to indicate whether the drug is safe for them.

According to epidemiologist and uOttawa health sciences associate professor Dr. Raywat Deonandan, this isn’t at all unusual. “The government has licensed this drug based on what is known in the clinical trial. So it would be considered a bit untoward to do anything that deviates from the testing procedure in the clinical trial. For example, it wasn’t tested on children, so it would be very odd to now go and give it to children. It probably does work on kids, to be honest, but we won’t do it because that’s not what we looked at.”

The good news, says Dr. Deonandan, is that the vaccine appears to work well on older people, who typically have less responsive immune systems. “So it probably will work on a very high percentage of people who have autoimmune disorders. But we don’t know. So it’s a precautionary principle at this point, saying that because there’s insufficient data, let’s hold off, for at least a few months, until we assess the true safety profile.”

Further trials, he says, as well as evaluations and post-market surveillance of ongoing vaccinations, including the occasional happenstance of those with compromised immune systems actually getting the vaccine, will provide more data. Meanwhile, people currently unable to be vaccinated, including the immunocompromised, will benefit by the vaccination of those around them.

“That’s where we need to focus,” says Dr. Kumanan Wilson, a physician/scientist at The Ottawa Hospital. “We call that shielding of the vulnerable, where we vaccinate those who might come in contact with the immunocompromised.”

Dr. Wilson points to the measles vaccine as an example, noting that because it’s a live vaccine, unlike the COVID one, it can’t be given to the immunocompromised. “That’s why everyone else gets vaccinated, to protect those who can’t get the vaccine.”

That’s largely how Danny Norris, another double-lung recipient who, like Smith, expected to be among those vaccinated early in the process, is looking at things.

“It’s definitely a disappointment,” says the 30-year-old Cumberland resident, whose wife is also a double-lung recipient. “But if everybody else is able to get vaccines, it will help control the spread, which means it will be safer for us in general.”

But Norris adds he won’t need any encouragement to get a vaccine as soon as he can. “Some health officials have said get it, because the vaccine is probably safer than actually catching COVID. No one really knows. But if we’re eligible, I’ll try to get it as soon as possible.”

Smith, meanwhile, says he’ll hold off until there’s solid evidence that he can be safely vaccinated before doing so. In the meantime, he’s not counting on others being vaccinated for his safety.

“I don’t think I’ll feel comfortable going out knowing that 60 or 70 percent of people are vaccinated. That leaves at least another 30 per cent out there, and I know that I’m at risk to get something.

“It would be nice to have more data,” he adds, “but I can wait my turn.”

Immunocompromised may have to wait longer for COVID-19 vaccine

For the immunosuppressed and other groups not part of Pfizer's vaccine trials, there is no data to show whether the drug is safe for them.

ottawacitizen.com

中文和英文对不上。

 

[lindamy]

中文和英文对不上。

sorry,打错了，不是”为“，是”未“。

多谢指正！

 

[lindamy]

今天加拿大批准Moderna疫苗。

 

[ndsids]

He said in coming weeks

 

[lindamy]

 

[cable4sale]

首批约50,000剂 Moderna COVID-19 疫苗被送至安省的医疗机构。

领导该省 COVID-19 疫苗接种计划的 Rick Hillier 说，这些疫苗将被分发到长期护理中心和养老院。免疫接种计划在配送完成后几天内开始。

Hillier 周二表示，到七月底，将会有超过一半的安大略人（约850万）应接种该疫苗。辉瑞疫苗已经开始为医护人员进行注射，但其存储要求限制了它的使用范围。预计安省卫生厅副首席医疗官将在今天下午的新闻发布会上讨论该省的疫苗分发计划。

 

[lindamy]