据外媒确认嫦娥5探测器 11月24日升空，目标携带2公斤月球物质样品回地球

[ert0000]

搜索了一下，给嫦娥4用的鹊桥月球卫星不知能否帮忙对接，感觉有点困难，鹊桥其实一直在月球背面地月延长线的拉格朗日L2点附近，能让鹊桥同时看到并控制上升器和轨道器可能只有很短时间，只能提供粗略监控，真正近距离对接只能靠两个飞行器自己智能自动寻找了。

 

[向问天]

上升器发射成功了，飞上去了，太阳能板展开了，接下来要花2天时间和轨道器自动对接，2天，不容易，毕竟是人类第一次做这样的自动对接。

在月球上原地飞升。
很难。

 

[向问天]

搜索了一下，给嫦娥4用的鹊桥月球卫星不知能否帮忙对接，感觉有点困难，鹊桥其实一直在月球背面地月延长线的拉格朗日L2点附近，能让鹊桥同时看到并控制上升器和轨道器可能只有很短时间，只能提供粗略监控，真正近距离对接只能靠两个飞行器自己智能自动寻找了。

不可能的，没有预置程序。

 

[ert0000]

不可能的，没有预置程序。

有预制的处理器和程序， 看报道为了这一次嫦娥5月球上对接，中国在地球上天体中模拟做了10次类似这样的试验。
好像搞飞行器上的计算机实时处理系统的后来被提拔为总设计师了。
据说有AI的东西在里面，看了一些分析，地球只能给两个飞行器发送粗略的程序启动授权指令，一旦收到指令，两个飞行器上处理机就自动运转。

历史上只有阿波罗做过类似的，但那是人来控制的。这次无人全自动。意义更上了一个台阶，这个验证成功后，以后可以做更多的复杂的项目。应该是突破很大的瓶颈了。

 

[春夏秋鼕]

揭秘航天八院“黑科技”：嫦娥五号如何从月球返回地球​

原标题：揭秘航天八院“黑科技”：嫦娥五号如何从月球返回地球

《中国经济周刊》记者 贾璇 | 北京报道

11月30日，探月工程嫦娥五号任务飞行控制团队，按计划实施嫦娥五号探测器着陆器和上升器组合体，与轨道器和返回器组合体分离。凌晨4时40分，在科技人员精确控制下，嫦娥五号探测器组合体顺利分离。

12月1日23时11分，嫦娥五号探测器成功着陆在月球正面西经51.8度、北纬43.1度附近的预选着陆区，并传回着陆影像图。

成功着陆后，着陆器在地面控制下，进行了太阳翼和定向天线展开等状态检查与设置工作，将正式开始持续约2天的月面工作，采集月球样品。

嫦娥五号是我国探月工程“绕落回”三期任务的收官之战，将实现我国首次月球无人采样返回。中国航天科技集团八院承担了长征五号助推器和嫦娥五号轨道器的研制任务。

在本次任务的诸多看点之中，人类首次月球轨道无人自动交会对接和样品转移是最大的亮点之一，实现这个过程的核心是由中国航天科技集团八院（简称“八院”）研制的对接与样品转移机构。

《中国经济周刊》就此采访了八院相关人士。

世界首创的抱爪式对接机构

嫦娥五号将实现人类首次月球轨道无人自动交会对接和样品转移。虽同名“交会对接”，但嫦娥五号采用的对接方式与我们所熟悉的载人航天采用的对接方式却有很大的区别。

与近地轨道的任务不同，月球探测对探测器的质量和空间有严苛限制，嫦娥五号的对接机构必须做到小而精，其重量要减小到周边式对接机构的十五分之一，同时，还要具备样品容器捕获、自动转移功能，重量更轻、精度更高、过程更稳。

“抱爪机构具有重量轻、捕获可靠、结构简单、对接精度高等优点。因此，我们在嫦娥五号上采用了抱爪式对接机构，通过增加连杆棘爪式转移机构，实现了对接与自动转移功能的一体化，这些设计理念都是世界首创。”中国航天科技集团有限公司八院嫦娥五号探测器副总指挥张玉花介绍说。

“所谓的抱爪，其实形象地说，就像我们手握棍子的动作，两个方向一用力，就可以把棍子牢牢地握在手中。”嫦娥五号轨道器技术副总负责人胡震宇介绍。探测器采用的对接机构就是由3套K形抱爪构成的，当上升器靠近时，只要对准连接面上的3根连杆，将抱爪收紧，就可以实现两器的紧密连接。

1秒捕获、10秒锁紧

捕获、收拢、转移，看似简单的过程，但在38万公里之外高速运行的飞行器上实现却远远没有那么简单。

“月球轨道相对于地球轨道有时延，时间走廊较小，这就对时效性要求非常高，必须一气呵成完成对接与转移任务。”对接机构与样品转移分系统技术负责人刘仲解释，“对接全步骤要在21秒内完成，1秒捕获、10秒校正、10秒锁紧。为此我们做了35项故障预案，从启动开始到交会对接，全部采用自动控制。”

嫦娥五号对接与样品转移机构的研制成功，为探月三期任务的实施奠定了坚实技术基础，同时填补了我国在轻小型对接机构工程化研究领域的空白，将为后续深空探测等任务提供有力支撑。

责编 | 杨百会

（版权属《中国经济周刊》杂志社所有，任何媒体、网站或个人未经授权不得转载、摘编、链接、转贴或以其他方式使用。）返回搜狐，查看更多

责任编辑：

 

[billwanhua]

China's moon landing can 'tell us about the life of the universe.'

UK Space Agency director David Parker says the Chang'e-5 probe will help 'tell us about the life of the universe.'

newseu.cgtn.com

 

[向问天]

记得美国的国旗在月球上飘吗？

现在中国的国旗出现，证明月球上无风，旗子是不会飘的。

 

[ert0000]

记得美国的国旗在月球上飘吗？

现在中国的国旗出现，证明月球上无风，旗子是不会飘的。


浏览附件944255

老向，亏你还是计算机大师，你贴的这是计算机弄出来的，真的会是这样么？ 看来老向仅仅是个DBA大师而已吧

 

[lindamy]

Chang’e-5 Moon Lander Mission HD CG​

1分钟视频

两天前，轨道器广角视场摄像机拍摄降落器着陆。

 

[uglyducking]

Chang’e-5 Moon Lander Mission HD CG​

1分钟视频

两天前，轨道器广角视场摄像机拍摄降落器着陆。

最后扬起的尘土简直就是砸向月面啊

 

[Seraph72]

最后扬起的尘土简直就是砸向月面啊

好像砸的是挺重的，也许是因为表面尘土太多太厚，而当时发动机一直在向下喷。

 

[KZKZ]

降落挺平稳的啊，要看那个着落器的影子和着落器重叠的时刻，那时刻没起什么灰尘，之前的灰尘是火箭发动机制动造成的。

 

[billwanhua]

老向，亏你还是计算机大师，你贴的这是计算机弄出来的，真的会是这样么？ 看来老向仅仅是个DBA大师而已吧

Chang'e-5 probe unfolds Chinese national flag, takes off from moon with lunar surface samples - Global Times

www.globaltimes.cn

按这个报道，应该是实际的国旗，不是计算机虚拟的。
Right before the lift-off of Chang'e-5's ascender from lunar surface, the lander vehicle of the Chinese spacecraft unfolded the five-star red national flag, a genuine one made from fabrics, marking a first in the country's aerospace history.

 

[ert0000]

明天周六东部时间11：15AM 启动上升器和轨道器的自动对接程序， 4：40PM完成对接。 接近5个半小时。

我想应该有摄像头吧，如果能实时转播那会比较震撼。

HELSINKI — China’s Chang’e-5 spacecraft are preparing for a first-ever robotic rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit, a major hurdle to delivering lunar samples to Earth.

At 11:15 a.m. Eastern Saturday an ascent vehicle fresh off the moon and laden with samples will begin an approach phase with the orbiting Chang’e-5 service module, with both spacecraft traveling at around 1.6 kilometers per second.

The pair are planned to rendezvous and dock by around 16:40 p.m. in one of the most challenging and complex milestones in the ambitious Chang’e-5 sample return mission.

 

[ert0000]

美国航天专业网站客观的地析这对接，几十万公里外自动运行的两个1600米每秒的飞行器追尾衔接要5厘米的精度才能成功，误差超过5厘米行动就失败了，全世界明天都在看。

Chang’e-5 spacecraft prepare for historic lunar orbit rendezvous, sample relay

Chang’e-5 spacecraft prepare for historic lunar orbit rendezvous, sample relay

spacenews.com

Chang’e-5 spacecraft prepare for historic lunar orbit rendezvous, sample relay​

by Andrew Jones — December 4, 2020

A view from the Chang'e-5 lunar lander as the ascent vehicle lifts off on Dec. 3, with glare from the Sun. It will attempt rendezvous and docking Dec. 5. Credit: CNSA/CLEP

HELSINKI — China’s Chang’e-5 spacecraft are preparing for a first-ever robotic rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit, a major hurdle to delivering lunar samples to Earth.
At 11:15 a.m. Eastern Saturday an ascent vehicle fresh off the moon and laden with samples will begin an approach phase with the orbiting Chang’e-5 service module, with both spacecraft traveling at around 1.6 kilometers per second.
The pair are planned to rendezvous and dock by around 16:40 p.m. in one of the most challenging and complex milestones in the ambitious Chang’e-5 sample return mission.

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Saturday’s crucial orbital maneuvers will robotically mimic the crewed lunar orbit rendezvous and docking activities of the U.S. missions of the 1960s and 1970s. The last lunar sample return mission—the Soviet Union’s Luna 24 in 1976—used a simpler but limited direct return from the moon.
While primarily aiming to deliver samples, Chang’e-5 appears to fit into a step-by-step, methodical approach to Chinese exploration activities while expanding capabilities and possibilities.
The techniques tested and demonstrated by Chang’e-5 will be applicable to ZhengHe, a near Earth asteroid sample mission, a planned Mars sample return and potentially crewed lunar landings. But success is far from certain.

Rendezvous in an orbit far, far away​

While China has carried out robotic rendezvous and docking operations in low Earth orbit with its Tiangong, Tianzhou and crewed Shenzhou spacecraft. Earth-moon distances and associated time delay, and the discrepancy in mass between the ascent vehicle—expected to be around 300 to 400 kilograms at time of docking—and the orbiter, bringing new challenges.
Peng Jing, deputy chief designer of the Chang’e-5 probe system of China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), told state media that the docking has a very high requirement on accuracy, with an error range less than five centimeters.
Live coverage for the event, something never before attempted, is not expected from China. While the launch was live streamed, some subsequent milestones including landing and ascent vehicle launch were not.
Instead, updates from China followed swiftly after success was achieved. Notably, amateur radio trackers also received and relayed signals as events unfolded.
China has likewise been guarded on the timing of the key mission events. A leak on Chinese social media has however provided timings which have so far very closely matched events.

Sampling and surface operations​

Footage of the sampling activities was broadcast by China Central Television and mirrored by the English language version CGTN on Youtube, providing an unusual level insight into Chinese lunar operations.
The sampling tasks were completed within 19 hours of landing, ahead of schedule thanks to the scoop delivering more material than expected to the sample container with each action. The sample container was then sealed and transferred to the ascent vehicle.
The lander’s Panoramic Camera has provided images of the landing site, featuring the hill Louville Omega on the horizon. The images have already allowed initial impressions of the nature of the landing site to be formed.
“The landing area appears rather smooth, with only small craters. The soil and lithic clasts collected by Chang’e-5 should be predominated by the local materials [and] this is important for implications of the analytical data,” Dr. Lin Yangting, at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics in Beijing under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told SpaceNews.
“In addition, there are many rock boulders on the surface, confirming a young age of the landing site. This is one of the unique features of Chang’e-5 samples, distinct from the Apollos’. Because of the young age of the landing site, we also expect lots of rock fragments bedded in the soil, promising us to study the petrology of the landing site and the regional geology,” Lin added.

A panorama returned by the Chang’e-5 lander, showing robotic sampling arm and scoop marks in lunar regolith. Credit: CNSA/CLEP
The lander has also carried out readings of the surface with a penetrating radar, aiming to discern the subsurface stratigraphy and insights into geological events, as well as an imaging spectrometer for mineralogical and compositional analysis of the landing site.
Jessica Flahaut, a planetary geologist at the University of Lorraine, France, says the radar and spectrometer could provide both ground truth for orbital measurements, and some geologic context for the sampling.” They can also be very useful for comparing in situ versus laboratory measurements, as we know for instance that the structure and porosity of the regolith may be altered when the samples are brought back to Earth.”
The lander is not expected to survive the coming lunar night unlike the Chang’e-3 and -4 landers. This is due to a lack of equipment such as radioisotope heater units needed to protect electronics during lunar nights as cold as -190 degrees Celius (-310 degrees Fahrenheit).

Chang’e-5 mission recap​

The four-module, high-tempo 23-day mission launched from Wenchang Nov. 23, achieving lunar orbit 112 hours later. Separation of the lander and ascent vehicle stack from the service module and reentry capsule followed. After safely setting down in the moon’s Oceanus Procellarum Dec. 1 the lander conducted sampling separately with a scoop attached to a robotic arm and by drilling down into the lunar regolith.
On Friday at 10:10 a.m. Eastern the mission’s ascent vehicle with a mass of a few hundred kilograms lifted off from atop the Chang’e-5 lander. The small spacecraft powered by a 3000N engine successfully entered the desired lunar orbit six minutes later.
The event also triggered the deployment of a 12-gram Chinese flag, which Chinese press noted as a first. Previous Chang’e landing missions featured painted flags.


A claw-like system will be used to bring about the docking of the ascent vehicle and orbiter. The sample container will then be transferred from the ascender to the reentry vehicle, with the latter to then be jettisoned.
The service module will then spend 6-7 days in lunar orbit awaiting the optimal Earth return trajectory window for a reentry and landing at Siziwang Banner, Inner Mongolia 112 hours later.
The reentry vehicle will separate from the service module around 5,000 kilometers from Earth. A skip reentry, involving bouncing off the atmosphere—a maneuver tested by the Chang’e-5 T1 mission in 2014—to deal with the high-velocity return from the moon will follow. ESA tracking stations will support this critical phase as the spacecraft attempts reentry.

Chinese lunar fleet​

With the Chang’e-5 lander, orbiter and ascent vehicles all carrying out various tasks, China has eight operational spacecraft on or in the vicinity of the moon. The Chang’e-4 lander and Yutu-2 rover are currently hibernating for a 24th lunar night since making the first ever soft-landing on the lunar far side. The Queqiao relay satellite which facilitates communications with Earth for Chang’e-5 orbits at Earth-Moon Lagrange point 2 while also carrying out low-frequency astronomy experiments.
The 2014 Chang’e-5 T1 mission service module is also still in orbit around the moon, having facilitated a skip reentry test, imaged potential landing sites and simulated rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit. China’s first lunar lander, Chang’e-3, is still operational in Mare Imbrium, although functioning with just one, diminished payload.
It is unknown if the Chang’e-5 service module will have extended mission objectives like that of Chang’e-5 T1, the movement of which to Earth-Moon Lagrange point 2 provided the first hints at the later far side landing.
The fate of the ascent vehicle, presumably with propellant remaining, is also unknown. A coordinated impact and observation would be one possibility, depending on the availability and resolution of imagers in lunar orbit. NASA, with prior agreement from Congress, discussed the possibility of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter observing a signature of the landing plume of the Chang’-4 lander.

A cluster of craters encountered by the Chang’e-4 Yutu-2 rover during lunar day 23 in November 2020. Credit: BACC